[地球上能量/物质相互作用的透明进化:从气体旋风到技术文明]。

Biofizika Pub Date : 2015-03-01
N S Pechurkin, A N Shuvaev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文提出了通过地球对来自太阳的外部辐射能流的长期反应来实现透明演化的思想。由于地球上以及任何其他行星上物质的局限性,辐射能量的连续泵送流被证明会导致物质在新出现的梯度上的循环和输运。能量-物质相互作用的演化遵循较少物质捕获和传递更多能量的路径,即每单位质量所消耗的能量增长的路径。对于这一指标,最不有效的传质是在行星主表面发生的温度和压力梯度下的气体涡旋的简单传质。与地球上水的积累有关的长期自然选择在能量与物质相互作用的发展中起着特殊的作用。相变(冰、水、蒸汽)和机械转移是最常见的能量-物质过程。基于水循环、循环运输和转化,物质的化学转化随着时间的推移发展成为生物转化成为可能。这种能量与物质的相互作用是最有效的。特别是,在光合作用过程中,我们的恒星的能量在其辐射光谱中最活跃的部分被“捕获和利用”。在异养生物的生物进化过程中,表征从原生动物到哺乳动物的能量交换强度的系数的上升(以数百倍的速度)最能说明问题。人类作为利用能量最多的活跃物种,在获取能量和有意义的新流动组织方面,尤其是在前生物圈的有机碎屑的基础上,其发展和目前的优势是令人钦佩的,但从能量的角度来看,这是很自然的。在人类技术进化的过程中,根据世界上“平均”居民使用的过程能量,恒温(温血)动物的能量强度增加了20倍。因此,我们物种在行星进化中的胜利很容易融入能量-物质相互作用进化的主流:利用恒星能量的多重增长来转化被照射行星表面的物质。
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[Transparent evolution of the energy/matter interactions on earth: from gas whirlwind to technogenic civilization].

The paper presents the idea of transparent evolution through the long-term reaction of the planet Earth on the external flow of radiant energy from the Sun. Due to limitations of matter on Earth, as well as on any other planet, the continuous pumping flow of radiant energy was shown to lead to cyclization and transport of substance on emerging gradients. The evolution of energy-matter interaction follows the path of capturing and transferring more energy by the fewer matter, i.e., the path of growth of the amount of energy used by each unit mass. For this indicator, the least effective mass transfer is a simple mass transfer as vortices of gases, in the gradients of temperature and pressure, which occurred on the primary surface of the planet. A long-term natural selection related to the accumulation of water on the planet has played a special role in developing the interaction of energy and matter. Phase transformations (ice, water, vapor) and mechanical transfers are the most common energy-matter processes. Based on water cycles, cyclic transports and transformations, chemical transformation of substances became possible developing over time into a biological transformation. This kind of the interaction of energy and matter is most efficient. In particular, during photosynthesis the energy of our star "is captured and utilized" in the most active part of the spectrum of its radiation. In the process of biological evolution of heterotrophs, a rise (by a factor of hundreds) in the coefficient that characterizes the intensity of energy exchange from protozoa to mammals is most illustratory. The development and the current dominance of humans as the most energy-using active species in capturing the energy and meaningful organization of its new flows especially on the basis of organic debris of former biospheres is admirable, but quite natural from the energy positions. In the course of technological evolution of humankind, the measure of the intensity of energy for homoeothermic (warm-blooded) animals has increased 20 times, based on the process energy used by the "average" inhabitant of the world. Thus, the victory of our species in planetary evolution is easy to fit into the mainstream of evolution through energy-matter interactions: multiple growth of star energy was used to transform the matter on the surface of the irradiated planet.

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