各种 Prāṇāyāma 对心血管和自主神经变量的影响。

L Nivethitha, A Mooventhan, N K Manjunath
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引用次数: 0

摘要

心血管功能受神经因素、温度、荷尔蒙等的控制,其中神经因素主要涉及自主神经系统,它在维持和调节心脏功能(如血压和心率)方面发挥着重要作用。Prāṇāyāma是最重要的瑜伽练习之一。关于瑜伽及其效果的评论文章有很多,但 Prāṇāyāma 虽然是瑜伽的一部分,却缺乏评论文章。据我们所知,目前还没有关于各种 Prāṇāyāma 对心血管和自律神经变量影响的综述文章。概述各种呼吸技巧对心血管和自律神经变量的影响。根据现有的科学文献进行了叙述性综述。在 Medline/PubMed 数据库中进行了电子数据搜索,使用 "Prāṇāyāma、瑜伽呼吸技巧、单侧鼻孔呼吸、交替鼻孔呼吸、Kapalbhati、Bhastrika 和 Bhramari Pranayama "等关键词对相关文章进行了综述。从 1988 年至 2016 年 4 月 6 日发表的所有相关文章均被纳入本次综述。据报道,慢速瑜伽呼吸技术对心血管和自律神经变量产生有益影响,而快速呼吸技术则不会产生此类影响。特定鼻孔瑜伽呼吸法的效果以及各种prāṇāyāma效果背后的机制缺乏一致性。这篇综述表明,不同类型的 "鼻孔呼吸法 "会产生不同的效果,而这些效果背后的机制尚未完全明了。
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Effects of Various Prāṇāyāma on Cardiovascular and Autonomic Variables.

Cardiovascular functions are controlled by neural factors, temperature, hormones, etc., Of these, neural factors primarily concern the autonomic nervous system, which plays a major role in maintaining and regulating cardiac functions, e.g., blood pressure and heart rate. Prāṇāyāma is one of the most important yogic practices. There are various review articles on Yoga and its effects but, though Prāṇāyāma is a part of yoga, there is lack of review articles. To the best of our knowledge there is no known review article on effect of various Prāṇāyāma on cardiovascular and autonomic variables. To provide a general overview about the effect of various prāṇāyāma (breathing techniques) on cardiovascular and autonomic variables. A narrative review was performed based on the available scientific literature. An electronic data search was performed in Medline/PubMed database to review relevant articles, using keywords such as "Prāṇāyāma, Yogic breathing techniques, Unilateral nostril breathing, Alternate nostril breathing, Kapalbhati, Bhastrika and Bhramari Pranayama". All the relevant articles published from 1988 to 06-04-2016 were included in this review. Slow type of yogic breathing technique was reported to produce beneficial effect on cardiovascular and autonomic variables while fast breathing techniques do not produce such effects. There is lack of consistency in the results of specific nostril yogic breathing techniques and the mechanisms behind the effects of various prāṇāyāma. This review suggests that different types of Prāṇāyāma techniques produce different effects and the mechanisms behind these effects are not fully understood.

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