Marcel N Moyeh, Dieudonne L Njimoh, Marie Solange Evehe, Innocent M Ali, Akindeh M Nji, Dominique N Nkafu, Palmer N Masumbe, Atogho-Tiedeu Barbara, Valentine N Ndikum, Wilfred F Mbacham
{"title":"药物政策变化对喀麦隆西南部地区恶性疟原虫对氯喹、阿莫地喹和磺胺乙胺嘧啶耐药性分子标记演变的影响。","authors":"Marcel N Moyeh, Dieudonne L Njimoh, Marie Solange Evehe, Innocent M Ali, Akindeh M Nji, Dominique N Nkafu, Palmer N Masumbe, Atogho-Tiedeu Barbara, Valentine N Ndikum, Wilfred F Mbacham","doi":"10.1155/2018/7071383","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a result of the spread of parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs, Malaria treatment guidelines in Cameroon evolved from nonartemisinin monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of these therapy changes on the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance from 2003 to 2013 in Mutengene, Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Dry blood samples (collected in 2003-2005 and 2009-2013) were used for parasite DNA extraction. Drug resistance genes were amplified by PCR and hybridized with oligonucleotide probes or subjected to restriction digestion. The prevalence of individual marker polymorphisms and haplotypes was compared in these two study periods using the Chi square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alleles conferring resistance to 4-aminoquinolines in the <i>Pfcrt</i> 76T and <i>Pfmdr1</i> 86Y, 184F, and 1246Y genotypes showed a significant reduction of 97.0% to 66.9%, 83.6% to 45.2%, 97.3% to 56.0%, and 3.1% to 0.0%, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). No difference was observed in SNPs associated with antifolate drugs resistance 51I, 59R, 108N, or 540E (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Haplotype analysis in the <i>Pfmdr1</i> gene showed a reduction in the YFD from 75.90% to 42.2%, <i>P</i> < 0.0001, and an increase in the NYD (2.9% to 30.1%; <i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated a gradual return of the 4-aminoquinoline sensitive genotype while the antifolate resistant genotypes increased to saturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18089,"journal":{"name":"Malaria Research and Treatment","volume":"2018 ","pages":"7071383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5954917/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of Drug Policy Changes on Evolution of Molecular Markers of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Resistance to Chloroquine, Amodiaquine, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in the South West Region of Cameroon.\",\"authors\":\"Marcel N Moyeh, Dieudonne L Njimoh, Marie Solange Evehe, Innocent M Ali, Akindeh M Nji, Dominique N Nkafu, Palmer N Masumbe, Atogho-Tiedeu Barbara, Valentine N Ndikum, Wilfred F Mbacham\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2018/7071383\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a result of the spread of parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs, Malaria treatment guidelines in Cameroon evolved from nonartemisinin monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of these therapy changes on the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance from 2003 to 2013 in Mutengene, Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Dry blood samples (collected in 2003-2005 and 2009-2013) were used for parasite DNA extraction. Drug resistance genes were amplified by PCR and hybridized with oligonucleotide probes or subjected to restriction digestion. The prevalence of individual marker polymorphisms and haplotypes was compared in these two study periods using the Chi square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alleles conferring resistance to 4-aminoquinolines in the <i>Pfcrt</i> 76T and <i>Pfmdr1</i> 86Y, 184F, and 1246Y genotypes showed a significant reduction of 97.0% to 66.9%, 83.6% to 45.2%, 97.3% to 56.0%, and 3.1% to 0.0%, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). No difference was observed in SNPs associated with antifolate drugs resistance 51I, 59R, 108N, or 540E (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Haplotype analysis in the <i>Pfmdr1</i> gene showed a reduction in the YFD from 75.90% to 42.2%, <i>P</i> < 0.0001, and an increase in the NYD (2.9% to 30.1%; <i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated a gradual return of the 4-aminoquinoline sensitive genotype while the antifolate resistant genotypes increased to saturation.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18089,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Malaria Research and Treatment\",\"volume\":\"2018 \",\"pages\":\"7071383\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-05-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5954917/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Malaria Research and Treatment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7071383\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2018/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Medicine\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Malaria Research and Treatment","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7071383","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2018/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of Drug Policy Changes on Evolution of Molecular Markers of Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Chloroquine, Amodiaquine, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in the South West Region of Cameroon.
Background: As a result of the spread of parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs, Malaria treatment guidelines in Cameroon evolved from nonartemisinin monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of these therapy changes on the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance from 2003 to 2013 in Mutengene, Cameroon.
Methodology: Dry blood samples (collected in 2003-2005 and 2009-2013) were used for parasite DNA extraction. Drug resistance genes were amplified by PCR and hybridized with oligonucleotide probes or subjected to restriction digestion. The prevalence of individual marker polymorphisms and haplotypes was compared in these two study periods using the Chi square test.
Results: Alleles conferring resistance to 4-aminoquinolines in the Pfcrt 76T and Pfmdr1 86Y, 184F, and 1246Y genotypes showed a significant reduction of 97.0% to 66.9%, 83.6% to 45.2%, 97.3% to 56.0%, and 3.1% to 0.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). No difference was observed in SNPs associated with antifolate drugs resistance 51I, 59R, 108N, or 540E (P > 0.05). Haplotype analysis in the Pfmdr1 gene showed a reduction in the YFD from 75.90% to 42.2%, P < 0.0001, and an increase in the NYD (2.9% to 30.1%; P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: The results indicated a gradual return of the 4-aminoquinoline sensitive genotype while the antifolate resistant genotypes increased to saturation.
期刊介绍:
Malaria Research and Treatment is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to all aspects of malaria.