成人ADHD患者注意力集中转移的选择性损害。

IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Behavioral and Brain Functions Pub Date : 2018-11-10 DOI:10.1186/s12993-018-0150-y
Aquiles Luna-Rodriguez, Mike Wendt, Julia Kerner Auch Koerner, Caterina Gawrilow, Thomas Jacobsen
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引用次数: 18

摘要

背景:在临床和非临床人群中,任务切换协议经常用于认知控制的评估。这些协议经常混淆任务切换和注意力集转移。目前的研究调查了成人多动症患者在切换任务的背景下转移注意力集的能力。方法:我们测试了38名ADHD成人和39名对照成人,采用广泛的诊断电池和无主动干扰的任务切换协议。该实验结合了正交任务切换与重复,以及注意力集中转移与无转移。每个实验刺激都具有全局和局部特征(层次/“Navon”刺激),并与相应的注意集相关联。结果:在全局/局部注意集之间同时转移的任务切换试验中,ADHD患者比对照组慢。这也与ADHD症状的诊断量表显著相关。患者的反应时间变化更大,但当注意力集中保持不变时,他们既没有明显变慢,也没有表现出更高的任务转换成本。结论:ADHD与注意力对不同来源刺激信息的灵活部署缺陷有关。
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Selective impairment of attentional set shifting in adults with ADHD.

Background: Task switch protocols are frequently used in the assessment of cognitive control, both in clinical and non-clinical populations. These protocols frequently confound task switch and attentional set shift. The current study investigated the ability of adult ADHD patients to shift attentional set in the context of switching tasks.

Method: We tested 38 adults with ADHD and 39 control adults with an extensive diagnostic battery and a task switch protocol without proactive interference. The experiment combined orthogonally task-switch vs. repetition, and attentional set shift vs. no shift. Each experimental stimulus had global and local features (Hierarchical/"Navon" stimuli), associated with corresponding attentional sets.

Results: ADHD patients were slower than controls in task switch trials with a simultaneous shift of attention between global/local attentional sets. This also correlated significantly with diagnostic scales for ADHD symptoms. The patients had more variable reaction times, but when the attentional set was kept constant neither were they significantly slower nor showed higher task switch costs.

Conclusion: ADHD is associated with a deficit in flexible deployment of attention to varying sources of stimulus information.

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来源期刊
Behavioral and Brain Functions
Behavioral and Brain Functions 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: A well-established journal in the field of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral and Brain Functions welcomes manuscripts which provide insight into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying behavior and brain function, or dysfunction. The journal gives priority to manuscripts that combine both neurobiology and behavior in a non-clinical manner.
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