解开黄曲霉复合物中的物种边界(熏蒸部分):能够进行种间杂交的人类和动物机会性病原体。

IF 9.5 1区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY Persoonia Pub Date : 2018-12-01 Epub Date: 2018-06-21 DOI:10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.08
V Hubka, V Barrs, Z Dudová, F Sklenář, A Kubátová, T Matsuzawa, T Yaguchi, Y Horie, A Nováková, J C Frisvad, J J Talbot, M Kolařík
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管烟曲霉是侵袭性曲霉菌病的主要病原体,但越来越多的感染是由其隐蔽物种引起的,尤其是肠曲霉和绿色曲霉物种复合体(AVSC)。由于抗真菌药物耐药性和难治性感染,它们的鉴定具有临床相关性。AVSC中的物种边界尚未解决,因为大多数物种具有均匀的形态,并在体外产生种间杂交种。来自六大洲(n=110)的临床和环境菌株通过4-6个基因座的DNA测序进行了表征。对主要系统发育分支内部和之间的生物相容性进行了测试,并对子囊孢子形态进行了表征。基于多物种联合模型的物种划界方法支持对包括一个新物种在内的十个物种的识别。四种已确认为机会性病原体;A.udagawae、A.felis和A.pseudoviridinotans是已知的机会性人类感染,而A.felis、A.udagawa和A.wyomingensis是猫眼眶曲霉菌病的病原体。最近描述的人类致病物种A.parapelis和A.pseudofielis与A.felis同义,并为A.udagawae指定了一个表型。种内交配试验表明,只有少数异源物种能在体外轻易产生性形态。种间交配试验表明,五种不同的物种组合在生物学上是相容的。与亲本相比,杂交子囊孢子具有非典型的表面装饰和显著不同的尺寸。这表明AVSC中的物种限制是由受精前和受精后屏障维持的,这些物种在快速适应和调节毒力方面表现出巨大的潜力。这项研究强调,在隐蔽物种复合体中,足够数量的代表物种遗传多样性的菌株对于有意义的物种边界划界至关重要。基于MSC的划界方法是评估这些物种之间边界的稳健和合适的工具。
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Unravelling species boundaries in the Aspergillus viridinutans complex (section Fumigati): opportunistic human and animal pathogens capable of interspecific hybridization.

Although Aspergillus fumigatus is the major agent of invasive aspergillosis, an increasing number of infections are caused by its cryptic species, especially A. lentulus and the A. viridinutans species complex (AVSC). Their identification is clinically relevant because of antifungal drug resistance and refractory infections. Species boundaries in the AVSC are unresolved since most species have uniform morphology and produce interspecific hybrids in vitro. Clinical and environmental strains from six continents (n = 110) were characterized by DNA sequencing of four to six loci. Biological compatibilities were tested within and between major phylogenetic clades, and ascospore morphology was characterised. Species delimitation methods based on the multispecies coalescent model (MSC) supported recognition of ten species including one new species. Four species are confirmed opportunistic pathogens; A. udagawae followed by A. felis and A. pseudoviridinutans are known from opportunistic human infections, while A. felis followed by A. udagawae and A. wyomingensis are agents of feline sino-orbital aspergillosis. Recently described human-pathogenic species A. parafelis and A. pseudofelis are synonymized with A. felis and an epitype is designated for A. udagawae. Intraspecific mating assay showed that only a few of the heterothallic species can readily generate sexual morphs in vitro. Interspecific mating assays revealed that five different species combinations were biologically compatible. Hybrid ascospores had atypical surface ornamentation and significantly different dimensions compared to parental species. This suggests that species limits in the AVSC are maintained by both pre- and post-zygotic barriers and these species display a great potential for rapid adaptation and modulation of virulence. This study highlights that a sufficient number of strains representing genetic diversity within a species is essential for meaningful species boundaries delimitation in cryptic species complexes. MSC-based delimitation methods are robust and suitable tools for evaluation of boundaries between these species.

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来源期刊
Persoonia
Persoonia MYCOLOGY-
CiteScore
17.70
自引率
5.50%
发文量
10
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Persoonia aspires to publish papers focusing on the molecular systematics and evolution of fungi. Additionally, it seeks to advance fungal taxonomy by employing a polythetic approach to elucidate the genuine phylogeny and relationships within the kingdom Fungi. The journal is dedicated to disseminating high-quality papers that unravel both known and novel fungal taxa at the DNA level. Moreover, it endeavors to provide fresh insights into evolutionary processes and relationships. The scope of papers considered encompasses research articles, along with topical and book reviews.
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