精神药理学史。

IF 17.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY Annual Review of Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2019-05-07 Epub Date: 2019-02-20 DOI:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095514
Joel T Braslow, Stephen R Marder
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引用次数: 43

摘要

我们生活在一个精神药理学的时代。目前,六分之一的人服用精神药物。这些药物深刻地塑造了我们对精神疾病的科学和文化理解。通过历史回顾,我们试图理解精神病学在治疗病人时对精神药物的依赖。现代精神药理学始于1950年氯丙嗪的合成。在接下来的50年里,精神病学对精神疾病的理解和治疗发生了根本性的变化。精神药物在这些变化中发挥了重要作用,因为公立医院关闭了,心理治疗让位于药物处方。我们的综述表明,精神药理学的成功并不是对离散性精神疾病越来越有效的药物的结果。相反,政治经济现实、医药营销、基础科学进步和精神卫生保健系统的变化等复杂因素导致了我们目前对精神药理学的迷恋。
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History of Psychopharmacology.

We live in an age of psychopharmacology. One in six persons currently takes a psychotropic drug. These drugs have profoundly shaped our scientific and cultural understanding of psychiatric disease. By way of a historical review, we try to make sense of psychiatry's dependency on psychiatric drugs in the care of patients. Modern psychopharmacology began in 1950 with the synthesis of chlorpromazine. Over the course of the next 50 years, the psychiatric understanding and treatment of mental illness radically changed. Psychotropic drugs played a major part in these changes as state hospitals closed and psychotherapy gave way to drug prescriptions. Our review suggests that the success of psychopharmacology was not the consequence of increasingly more effective drugs for discrete psychiatric diseases. Instead, a complex mix of political economic realities, pharmaceutical marketing, basic science advances, and changes in the mental health-care system have led to our current infatuation with psychopharmacology.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
31.50
自引率
0.50%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Clinical Psychology is a publication that has been available since 2005. It offers comprehensive reviews on significant developments in the field of clinical psychology and psychiatry. The journal covers various aspects including research, theory, and the application of psychological principles to address recognized disorders such as schizophrenia, mood, anxiety, childhood, substance use, cognitive, and personality disorders. Additionally, the articles also touch upon broader issues that cut across the field, such as diagnosis, treatment, social policy, and cross-cultural and legal issues. Recently, the current volume of this journal has transitioned from a gated access model to an open access format through the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program. All articles published in this volume are now available under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), allowing for widespread distribution and use. The journal is also abstracted and indexed in various databases including Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Academic Search, among others.
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