J-F Lecomte, P Shaw, A Liland, M Markkanen, P Egidi, S Andresz, J Mrdakovic-Popic, F Liu, D da Costa Lauria, H B Okyar, P P Haridasan, S Mundigl
{"title":"ICRP第142号出版物:工业过程中对天然放射性物质的辐射防护(NORM)。","authors":"J-F Lecomte, P Shaw, A Liland, M Markkanen, P Egidi, S Andresz, J Mrdakovic-Popic, F Liu, D da Costa Lauria, H B Okyar, P P Haridasan, S Mundigl","doi":"10.1177/0146645319874589","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance on\n radiological protection in industries involving naturally occurring radioactive material\n (NORM). These industries may give rise to multiple hazards and the radiological hazard is\n not necessarily dominant. The industries are diverse and may involve exposure of people and\n the environment where protective actions need to be considered. In some cases, there is a\n potential for significant routine exposure of workers and members of the public if suitable\n control measures are not considered. Releases of large volumes of NORM may also result in\n detrimental effects on the environment from radiological and non-radiological constituents.\n However, NORM industries present no real prospect of a radiological emergency leading to\n tissue reactions or immediate danger for life. Radiological protection in industries\n involving NORM can be appropriately addressed on the basis of the principles of\n justification of the actions taken and optimisation of protection using reference levels. An\n integrated and graded approach is recommended for the protection of workers, the public, and\n the environment, where consideration of non-radiological hazards is integrated with\n radiological hazards, and the approach to protection is optimised (graded) so that the use\n of various radiological protection programme elements is consistent with the hazards while\n not imposing unnecessary burdens. For workers, the approach starts with characterisation of\n the exposure situation, and integration, as necessary, of specific radiological protective\n actions to complement the protection strategy already in place or planned to manage other\n workplace hazards. According to the characteristics of the exposure situation and the\n magnitude of the hazards, a relevant reference level should be selected and appropriate\n collective or individual protective actions taken. Exposure to radon is also treated using a\n graded approach, based first on application of typical radon prevention and mitigation\n techniques, as described in <italic>Publication 126</italic>. A similar approach should be\n implemented for public exposure through the control of discharges, wastes, and residues\n after characterisation of the situation. If the protection of non-human species is\n warranted, it should be dealt with after an assessment of radiological exposure appropriate\n for the circumstances, taking into account all hazards and impacts. This should include\n identification of exposed organisms in the environment, and use relevant derived\n consideration reference levels to inform decisions on options for control of exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":"48 4","pages":"5-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0146645319874589","citationCount":"19","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"ICRP Publication 142: Radiological Protection from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) in Industrial Processes.\",\"authors\":\"J-F Lecomte, P Shaw, A Liland, M Markkanen, P Egidi, S Andresz, J Mrdakovic-Popic, F Liu, D da Costa Lauria, H B Okyar, P P Haridasan, S Mundigl\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/0146645319874589\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance on\\n radiological protection in industries involving naturally occurring radioactive material\\n (NORM). These industries may give rise to multiple hazards and the radiological hazard is\\n not necessarily dominant. The industries are diverse and may involve exposure of people and\\n the environment where protective actions need to be considered. In some cases, there is a\\n potential for significant routine exposure of workers and members of the public if suitable\\n control measures are not considered. Releases of large volumes of NORM may also result in\\n detrimental effects on the environment from radiological and non-radiological constituents.\\n However, NORM industries present no real prospect of a radiological emergency leading to\\n tissue reactions or immediate danger for life. Radiological protection in industries\\n involving NORM can be appropriately addressed on the basis of the principles of\\n justification of the actions taken and optimisation of protection using reference levels. An\\n integrated and graded approach is recommended for the protection of workers, the public, and\\n the environment, where consideration of non-radiological hazards is integrated with\\n radiological hazards, and the approach to protection is optimised (graded) so that the use\\n of various radiological protection programme elements is consistent with the hazards while\\n not imposing unnecessary burdens. For workers, the approach starts with characterisation of\\n the exposure situation, and integration, as necessary, of specific radiological protective\\n actions to complement the protection strategy already in place or planned to manage other\\n workplace hazards. According to the characteristics of the exposure situation and the\\n magnitude of the hazards, a relevant reference level should be selected and appropriate\\n collective or individual protective actions taken. 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ICRP Publication 142: Radiological Protection from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) in Industrial Processes.
The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance on
radiological protection in industries involving naturally occurring radioactive material
(NORM). These industries may give rise to multiple hazards and the radiological hazard is
not necessarily dominant. The industries are diverse and may involve exposure of people and
the environment where protective actions need to be considered. In some cases, there is a
potential for significant routine exposure of workers and members of the public if suitable
control measures are not considered. Releases of large volumes of NORM may also result in
detrimental effects on the environment from radiological and non-radiological constituents.
However, NORM industries present no real prospect of a radiological emergency leading to
tissue reactions or immediate danger for life. Radiological protection in industries
involving NORM can be appropriately addressed on the basis of the principles of
justification of the actions taken and optimisation of protection using reference levels. An
integrated and graded approach is recommended for the protection of workers, the public, and
the environment, where consideration of non-radiological hazards is integrated with
radiological hazards, and the approach to protection is optimised (graded) so that the use
of various radiological protection programme elements is consistent with the hazards while
not imposing unnecessary burdens. For workers, the approach starts with characterisation of
the exposure situation, and integration, as necessary, of specific radiological protective
actions to complement the protection strategy already in place or planned to manage other
workplace hazards. According to the characteristics of the exposure situation and the
magnitude of the hazards, a relevant reference level should be selected and appropriate
collective or individual protective actions taken. Exposure to radon is also treated using a
graded approach, based first on application of typical radon prevention and mitigation
techniques, as described in Publication 126. A similar approach should be
implemented for public exposure through the control of discharges, wastes, and residues
after characterisation of the situation. If the protection of non-human species is
warranted, it should be dealt with after an assessment of radiological exposure appropriate
for the circumstances, taking into account all hazards and impacts. This should include
identification of exposed organisms in the environment, and use relevant derived
consideration reference levels to inform decisions on options for control of exposure.
Annals of the ICRPMedicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
期刊介绍:
The International Commission on Radiological Protection was founded in 1928 to advance for the public benefit the science of radiological protection. The ICRP provides recommendations and guidance on protection against the risks associated with ionising radiation, from artificial sources as widely used in medicine, general industry and nuclear enterprises, and from naturally occurring sources. These reports and recommendations are published six times each year on behalf of the ICRP as the journal Annals of the ICRP. Each issue provides in-depth coverage of a specific subject area.