尼日利亚阿特拉斯湾附近沉积物中的多环芳烃及鱼、蟹和虾的健康风险。

IF 2.4 Q1 Medicine Journal of Health and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-12-06 eCollection Date: 2019-12-01 DOI:10.5696/2156-9614-9.24.191204
Oluwafunmilayo O Olayinka, Adetomi Adeola Adewusi, Olanrewaju Olusoji Olujimi, Adeyinka Adedeji Aladesida
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引用次数: 28

摘要

背景:多环芳烃(PAHs)是一种有毒污染物,由于其在环境中的持久性,对人类和生态系统构成健康风险。目的:测定尼日利亚拉各斯阿特拉斯湾码头周围沉积物、两种鱼类(非洲Drepane和Pomadasys jubelini)、螃蟹(Callinectes amnicola)和对虾(Penaeus notialis)中的多环芳烃浓度。方法:从当地渔民购买的鱼、虾、蟹中提取多环芳烃。2016年6月至8月期间,在阿特拉斯湾码头周围受船舶运动和货物卸载影响的五个地点,使用标准方法收集沉积物。评价了沉积物中多环芳烃对周围水生生物的潜在毒性。采用气相色谱-质谱法分析多环芳烃。人类健康风险评估是根据每日饮食摄入量和个体多环芳烃浓度的致癌性从生物群中计算出来的。结果:沉积物样品中共检出17种多环芳烃同系物,生物群样品中检出10种。沉积物和鱼类样品中总多环芳烃的浓度分别为2.15 ~ 36.46 mg/kg和11.89 ~ 71.06 mg/kg。多环芳烃(PAHs)总浓度的分布顺序为:柽柳>羊草>朱贝林(整株)>非洲柽柳(整株)>非洲柽柳(鱼片)>朱贝林(鱼片)>沉积物。两种鱼类的全鱼样本(肌肉)中总多环芳烃浓度均高于鱼片样本(肌肉)。多环芳烃的摄取量较高(0.10 ~ 2.33 mg/kg体重/天)。毒性当量商值(0.01 ~ 0.10 mg/kg)高于筛选值(0.0014 ~ 0.0599 mg/kg)。在非洲鲽和枣树的肌肉中,观察到肌肉束的分裂和萎缩。结论:所分析的沉积物和生物中多环芳烃的浓度高于美国环境保护署(USEPA)的最大允许限量。检测到的多环芳烃大部分为岩源性,表明人类活动对多环芳烃的浓度有影响。利益竞争:作者声明没有经济利益竞争。
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediment and Health Risk of Fish, Crab and Shrimp Around Atlas Cove, Nigeria.

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic contaminants and pose health risks to humans and the ecosystem due to their persistence in the environment.

Objectives: This study determined the concentrations of PAHs in sediment, two species of fish (Drepane africana and Pomadasys jubelini), crabs (Callinectes amnicola) and shrimps (Penaeus notialis) around the Atlas Cove jetty, Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were extracted from fish, shrimp, and crabs that were purchased from local fishermen. Sediments were collected at five locations impacted by ship movement and cargo offloading around the Atlas Cove jetty during the period of June to August 2016, using standard methods. Potential toxicity of PAHs in the sediments on the surrounding aquatic organisms was assessed. The PAHs were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Human health risk assessment was calculated from biota using dietary daily intake and carcinogenic potencies of individual PAH concentrations.

Results: A total of 17 PAH congeners were detected in sediment samples and ten were detected in biota samples. Concentrations of total PAHs obtained in sediment and fish samples ranged from 2.15 - 36.46 mg/kg and 11.89 - 71.06 mg/kg, respectively. The total PAHs concentration pattern follow the order of P. notialis > C. amnicola > P. jubelini (whole) > D. africana (whole) > D. africana (fillet) > P. jubelini (fillet) > sediment. Concentrations of total PAHs were higher in whole fish than in fillet samples (muscle) in both fish species. High values of PAHs were recorded in the dietary intake (0.10 - 2.33 mg/kg body weight/day) of the organisms. Toxic equivalent quotient values (0.01 to 0.10 mg/kg) were observed to be higher than the screening values (0.0014 to 0.0599 mg/kg). In the muscle of Drepane africana and Pomadasys jubelini, splitting and atrophy of the muscle bundles were observed.

Conclusions: The concentrations of PAHs in analyzed sediment and organisms were higher than the maximum permissible limit of the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Most of the detected PAHs were of petrogenic origin, which is an indication that anthropogenic activities were influencing PAH concentrations.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Journal of Health and Pollution
Journal of Health and Pollution Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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期刊介绍: The Journal of Health and Pollution (JH&P) was initiated with funding from the European Union and World Bank and continues to be a Platinum Open Access Journal. There are no publication or viewing charges. That is, there are no charges to readers or authors. Upon peer-review and acceptance, all articles are made available online. The high-ranking editorial board is comprised of active members who participate in JH&P submissions and editorial policies. The Journal of Health and Pollution welcomes manuscripts based on original research as well as findings from re-interpretation and examination of existing data. JH&P focuses on point source pollution, related health impacts, environmental control and remediation technology. JH&P also has an interest in ambient and indoor pollution. Pollutants of particular interest include heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), air particulates (PM10 and PM2.5), and other severe and persistent toxins. JH&P emphasizes work relating directly to low and middle-income countries, however relevant work relating to high-income countries will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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