Clinical symptoms and social functioning in schizophrenia

Introduction

The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between social functioning and clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia, analyzing the influence of both global social functioning and the specific aspects of social functioning, assertiveness and communication skills in the explanation of type of symptoms.

Material and methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study composed of 125 people diagnosed with schizophrenia was performed. Patients were assessed with the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ), the Gambrill and Richey Assertiveness Inventory (GR), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the Global Assessment of Social Functioning Scale (SOFAS), Social Functioning Scale (SFS), Life Skills Profile (LSP) scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale for Schizophrenia (CGI-S).

Results

SOFAS, LSP and GR are related to each of the subscales and total scores of symptoms (p < 0.05–0.001). The multiple regressions show that SOFAS and GR explained 59% of the total symptoms. SOFAS and GR, accounting for 65% of the variance, explain positive symptoms. GR and SOFAS explained 34% of the variance of negative symptoms. SOFAS, CSQ and LSP, accounting for 20% of the variance, explain depressive symptoms. SOFAS explained 46% of the variance of cognitive symptoms.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest the usefulness of social functioning assessment in the explanation of clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Moreover, our results point out that not only negative and cognitive symptoms, but also positive and depressive symptoms, should be taken into account in the rehabilitation process in order to improve patient adaptation in the community.