Martina Michaelis, Ulrich Stößel, Johanna Stranzinger, Albert Nienhaus
{"title":"[SARS-CoV-2大流行期间美发廊职业健康安全实施]。","authors":"Martina Michaelis, Ulrich Stößel, Johanna Stranzinger, Albert Nienhaus","doi":"10.1007/s40664-021-00433-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is little empirical evidence with respect to the implementation (adherence) of occupational health and safety guidelines in Germany. Recommendations for the prevention of SARS-CoV‑2 infections in hairdressing services were provided by the German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) in an occupational health and safety (OHS) standard in spring 2020.</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>To what extent are the recommendations adhered to in this service profession as judged by hairdresser's customers after their visits?</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The survey was conducted as a covert participant observational study between the beginning of October and the middle of December 2020 as a non-systematic opportunistic sample in three cities. The standardized checklist included three domains: a) measures of general, mainly technical nature, b) in contact with the customer and c) on an individual level for infection prevention.The results on domain and overall level were summarized in a standardized sum index (0-1) of SARS-CoV‑2 OHS standard adherence. Nonparametric Wilcoxon tests were used to examine possible differences among the three subindices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall adherence index of 162 observations was 0.75 (SD 0.14). The two subindices on infection prevention in contact with the customer (e.g. indications for behavior rules) and on the individual level (e.g. wearing a mouth-nose covering) were significantly better than the one on general measures (e.g., hand cleaning possibility for customers).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed adherence for prevention of SARS-CoV-2-infections in hairdresser salons was higher than experiences of the BGW on OHS adherence suggest. This might be explained by the general public awareness of risks of infection. The results on the adherence are only slightly lower than those resulting from around 400 standardized personal surveys of the BGW prevention services.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Given the non-systematic opportunistic sample, a (positive) bias in the adherence results cannot be excluded.</p>","PeriodicalId":43038,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Arbeitsmedizin Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40664-021-00433-x","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Implementation of occupational health and safety during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in hairdressers' salons].\",\"authors\":\"Martina Michaelis, Ulrich Stößel, Johanna Stranzinger, Albert Nienhaus\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s40664-021-00433-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is little empirical evidence with respect to the implementation (adherence) of occupational health and safety guidelines in Germany. Recommendations for the prevention of SARS-CoV‑2 infections in hairdressing services were provided by the German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) in an occupational health and safety (OHS) standard in spring 2020.</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>To what extent are the recommendations adhered to in this service profession as judged by hairdresser's customers after their visits?</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The survey was conducted as a covert participant observational study between the beginning of October and the middle of December 2020 as a non-systematic opportunistic sample in three cities. The standardized checklist included three domains: a) measures of general, mainly technical nature, b) in contact with the customer and c) on an individual level for infection prevention.The results on domain and overall level were summarized in a standardized sum index (0-1) of SARS-CoV‑2 OHS standard adherence. Nonparametric Wilcoxon tests were used to examine possible differences among the three subindices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall adherence index of 162 observations was 0.75 (SD 0.14). The two subindices on infection prevention in contact with the customer (e.g. indications for behavior rules) and on the individual level (e.g. wearing a mouth-nose covering) were significantly better than the one on general measures (e.g., hand cleaning possibility for customers).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed adherence for prevention of SARS-CoV-2-infections in hairdresser salons was higher than experiences of the BGW on OHS adherence suggest. This might be explained by the general public awareness of risks of infection. 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[Implementation of occupational health and safety during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in hairdressers' salons].
Background: There is little empirical evidence with respect to the implementation (adherence) of occupational health and safety guidelines in Germany. Recommendations for the prevention of SARS-CoV‑2 infections in hairdressing services were provided by the German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) in an occupational health and safety (OHS) standard in spring 2020.
Research question: To what extent are the recommendations adhered to in this service profession as judged by hairdresser's customers after their visits?
Material and methods: The survey was conducted as a covert participant observational study between the beginning of October and the middle of December 2020 as a non-systematic opportunistic sample in three cities. The standardized checklist included three domains: a) measures of general, mainly technical nature, b) in contact with the customer and c) on an individual level for infection prevention.The results on domain and overall level were summarized in a standardized sum index (0-1) of SARS-CoV‑2 OHS standard adherence. Nonparametric Wilcoxon tests were used to examine possible differences among the three subindices.
Results: The overall adherence index of 162 observations was 0.75 (SD 0.14). The two subindices on infection prevention in contact with the customer (e.g. indications for behavior rules) and on the individual level (e.g. wearing a mouth-nose covering) were significantly better than the one on general measures (e.g., hand cleaning possibility for customers).
Discussion: The observed adherence for prevention of SARS-CoV-2-infections in hairdresser salons was higher than experiences of the BGW on OHS adherence suggest. This might be explained by the general public awareness of risks of infection. The results on the adherence are only slightly lower than those resulting from around 400 standardized personal surveys of the BGW prevention services.
Limitations: Given the non-systematic opportunistic sample, a (positive) bias in the adherence results cannot be excluded.
期刊介绍：
Zielsetzung der Zeitschrift Das Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie ist eine der ältesten deutschsprachigen wissenschaftlichen Fachzeitschriften im Bereich Arbeit, Umwelt, Gesundheit und Sicherheit. Es bietet ein Forum für frei eingereichte Originalartikel, Übersichten, Short Communications und Kasuistiken. Die Fachzeitschrift ermöglicht einen wissenschaftlichen Erfahrungsaustausch und stellt optimale Problemlösungen zur Verfügung. Die Zielgruppen der Zeitschrift sind Arbeitsmediziner, Sozialmediziner, Umweltmediziner, Sicherheitsingenieure, Arbeitswissenschaftler sowie andere Gruppen und Institutionen, die eng mit der Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin sowie dem Arbeitsschutz und der Ergonomie verbunden sind. Durch vertiefende Forschungsartikel und Übersichten werden Fachpersonen aus der Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin über neue medizinische Entwicklungen und Gesetze in der Prävention, Diagnose und Rehabilitation von umweltbedingten Erkrankungen und arbeitsbedingten Verletzungen und Erkrankungen auf dem Laufenden gehalten. Originalarbeiten und Übersichten liefern Ergebnisse der aktuellen Forschung und deren Integration in die tägliche Praxis. Die Spanne der Themen reicht dabei von toxikologischen Fragestellungen über die Reise- und Tropenmedizin und Public-Health-Aspekten bis hin zur Versorgungsforschung und Ergonomie. Aims & Scope Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie is one of the oldest scientific journals devoted to the field of work, environment, health and safety, edited in the German language. It offers a forum for freely submitted original articles, reviews, short communications and case reports. The journal enables a scientific exchange of experience and provides optimal solutions to problems. The target groups of the journal are occupational physicians, safety engineers, occupational scientists and other groups and institutions closely related to occupational, safety and environmental medicine as well as industrial safety and ergonomics. In-depth research articles and reviews keep occupational, social and environmental medicine professionals up to date on new medical developments and laws in the prevention, diagnosis and rehabilitation of environmentally induced conditions and work-related injuries and illnesses. Original papers and review articles provide results of the current research and their integration into daily practice. Topics range from the fields of toxicology, travel/tropical medicine and public health aspects to health services research and ergonomics. Review: All articles of Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie undergo a peer review process. Declaration of Helsinki: All manuscripts submitted for publication presenting results from studies on probands or patients must comply with the Declaration of Helsinki. Indexed in Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Embase and Scopus
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