Y-F Sun, J-H Xing, X-L He, D-M Wu, C-G Song, S Liu, J Vlasák, G Gates, T B Gibertoni, B-K Cui
{"title":"灵芝科(多孢子门，担子菌门)的物种多样性、系统修订和分子系统发育——以中国标本为重点。","authors":"Y-F Sun, J-H Xing, X-L He, D-M Wu, C-G Song, S Liu, J Vlasák, G Gates, T B Gibertoni, B-K Cui","doi":"10.3114/sim.2022.101.05","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ganodermataceae</i> is one of the main families of macrofungi since species in the family are both ecologically and economically important. The double-walled basidiospores with ornamented endospore walls are the characteristic features of <i>Ganodermataceae</i>. It is a large and complex family; although many studies have focused on <i>Ganodermataceae</i>, the global diversity, geographic distribution, taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> still remained incompletely understood. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on worldwide species of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> were carried out by morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from six gene loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (<i>rpb2</i>), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (<i>tef1</i>), the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU) and the small subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU). A total of 1 382 sequences were used in the phylogenetic analyses, of which 817 were newly generated, including 132 sequences of ITS, 139 sequences of nLSU, 83 sequences of <i>rpb2</i>, 124 sequences of <i>tef1</i>, 150 sequences of mtSSU and 189 sequences of nSSU. The combined six-gene dataset included sequences from 391 specimens representing 146 taxa from <i>Ganodermataceae</i>. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, 14 genera were confirmed in <i>Ganodermataceae</i>: <i>Amauroderma</i>, <i>Amaurodermellus</i>, <i>Cristataspora</i>, <i>Foraminispora</i>, <i>Furtadoella</i>, <i>Ganoderma</i>, <i>Haddowia</i>, <i>Humphreya</i>, <i>Magoderna</i>, <i>Neoganoderma</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma</i>, <i>Sinoganoderma</i>, <i>Tomophagus</i> and <i>Trachydermella</i>. Among these genera, <i>Neoganoderma gen. nov.</i> is proposed for <i>Ganoderma neurosporum</i>; <i>Sinoganoderma gen. nov.</i> is proposed for <i>Ganoderma shandongense</i>; <i>Furtadoella gen. nov.</i> is proposed to include taxa previously belonging to <i>Furtadoa</i> since <i>Furtadoa</i> is a homonym of a plant genus in the <i>Araceae</i>; <i>Trachydermella gen. nov.</i> is proposed to include <i>Trachyderma tsunodae</i> since <i>Trachyderma</i> is a homonym of a lichen genus in the <i>Pannariaceae</i>. Twenty-three new species, <i>viz</i>., <i>Ganoderma acaciicola</i>, <i>G. acontextum</i>, <i>G. alpinum</i>, <i>G. bubalinomarginatum</i>, <i>G. castaneum</i>, <i>G. chuxiongense</i>, <i>G. cocoicola</i>, <i>G. fallax</i>, <i>G. guangxiense</i>, <i>G. puerense</i>, <i>G. subangustisporum</i>, <i>G. subellipsoideum</i>, <i>G. subflexipes</i>, <i>G. sublobatum</i>, <i>G. tongshanense</i>, <i>G. yunlingense</i>, <i>Haddowia macropora</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma guangdongense</i>, <i>Sa. infundibulare</i>, <i>Sa. longistipitum</i>, <i>Sa. melanocarpum</i>, <i>Sa. microsporum</i> and <i>Sa. tricolor</i> are described. In addition, another 33 known species are also described in detail for comparison. Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores of 10 genera in <i>Ganodermataceae</i> are provided. A key to the accepted genera of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> and keys to the accepted species of <i>Ganoderma</i>, <i>Haddowia</i>, <i>Humphreya</i>, <i>Magoderna</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma</i> and <i>Tomophagus</i> are also provided. In total, 278 species are accepted as members of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> including 59 species distributed in China. <b>Taxonomic novelties:</b> <b>New genera:</b> <i>Furtadoella</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Neoganoderma</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sinoganoderma</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and <i>Trachydermella</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; <b>New species:</b> <i>Ganoderma acaciicola</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. acontextum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, <i>G. alpinum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. bubalinomarginatum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. castaneum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. chuxiongense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. cocoicola</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. fallax</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, <i>G. guangxiense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. puerense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subangustisporum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subellipsoideum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subflexipes</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. sublobatum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. tongshanense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. yunlingense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>Haddowia macropora</i> B.K. Cui, Vlasák & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sanguinoderma guangdongense</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. infundibulare</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. longistipitum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. melanocarpum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. microsporum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun and <i>Sa. tricolor</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; <b>New combinations</b>: <i>Furtadoella biseptata</i> (Costa-Rezende <i>et al.</i>) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Fu. brasiliensis</i> (Singer) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Fu. corneri</i> (Gulaid & Ryvarden) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Neoganoderma neurosporum</i> (J.S. Furtado) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sinoganoderma shandongense</i> (J.D. Zhao & L.W. Xu) B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and <i>Trachydermella tsunodae</i> (Yasuda ex Lloyd) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun. <b>Citation:</b> Sun Y-F, Xing J-H, He X-L, Wu D-M, Song C-G, Liu S, Vlasák J, Gates G, Gibertoni TB, Cui B-K (2022). Species diversity, systematic revision and molecular phylogeny of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> (<i>Polyporales</i>, <i>Basidiomycota</i>) with an emphasis on Chinese collections. <i>Studies in Mycology</i> <b>101</b>: 287-415. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.05.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"101 ","pages":"287-415"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9365044/pdf/","citationCount":"26","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Species diversity, systematic revision and molecular phylogeny of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> (<i>Polyporales</i>, <i>Basidiomycota</i>) with an emphasis on Chinese collections.\",\"authors\":\"Y-F Sun, J-H Xing, X-L He, D-M Wu, C-G Song, S Liu, J Vlasák, G Gates, T B Gibertoni, B-K Cui\",\"doi\":\"10.3114/sim.2022.101.05\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><i>Ganodermataceae</i> is one of the main families of macrofungi since species in the family are both ecologically and economically important. The double-walled basidiospores with ornamented endospore walls are the characteristic features of <i>Ganodermataceae</i>. It is a large and complex family; although many studies have focused on <i>Ganodermataceae</i>, the global diversity, geographic distribution, taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> still remained incompletely understood. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on worldwide species of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> were carried out by morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from six gene loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (<i>rpb2</i>), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (<i>tef1</i>), the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU) and the small subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU). A total of 1 382 sequences were used in the phylogenetic analyses, of which 817 were newly generated, including 132 sequences of ITS, 139 sequences of nLSU, 83 sequences of <i>rpb2</i>, 124 sequences of <i>tef1</i>, 150 sequences of mtSSU and 189 sequences of nSSU. The combined six-gene dataset included sequences from 391 specimens representing 146 taxa from <i>Ganodermataceae</i>. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, 14 genera were confirmed in <i>Ganodermataceae</i>: <i>Amauroderma</i>, <i>Amaurodermellus</i>, <i>Cristataspora</i>, <i>Foraminispora</i>, <i>Furtadoella</i>, <i>Ganoderma</i>, <i>Haddowia</i>, <i>Humphreya</i>, <i>Magoderna</i>, <i>Neoganoderma</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma</i>, <i>Sinoganoderma</i>, <i>Tomophagus</i> and <i>Trachydermella</i>. Among these genera, <i>Neoganoderma gen. nov.</i> is proposed for <i>Ganoderma neurosporum</i>; <i>Sinoganoderma gen. nov.</i> is proposed for <i>Ganoderma shandongense</i>; <i>Furtadoella gen. nov.</i> is proposed to include taxa previously belonging to <i>Furtadoa</i> since <i>Furtadoa</i> is a homonym of a plant genus in the <i>Araceae</i>; <i>Trachydermella gen. nov.</i> is proposed to include <i>Trachyderma tsunodae</i> since <i>Trachyderma</i> is a homonym of a lichen genus in the <i>Pannariaceae</i>. Twenty-three new species, <i>viz</i>., <i>Ganoderma acaciicola</i>, <i>G. acontextum</i>, <i>G. alpinum</i>, <i>G. bubalinomarginatum</i>, <i>G. castaneum</i>, <i>G. chuxiongense</i>, <i>G. cocoicola</i>, <i>G. fallax</i>, <i>G. guangxiense</i>, <i>G. puerense</i>, <i>G. subangustisporum</i>, <i>G. subellipsoideum</i>, <i>G. subflexipes</i>, <i>G. sublobatum</i>, <i>G. tongshanense</i>, <i>G. yunlingense</i>, <i>Haddowia macropora</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma guangdongense</i>, <i>Sa. infundibulare</i>, <i>Sa. longistipitum</i>, <i>Sa. melanocarpum</i>, <i>Sa. microsporum</i> and <i>Sa. tricolor</i> are described. In addition, another 33 known species are also described in detail for comparison. Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores of 10 genera in <i>Ganodermataceae</i> are provided. A key to the accepted genera of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> and keys to the accepted species of <i>Ganoderma</i>, <i>Haddowia</i>, <i>Humphreya</i>, <i>Magoderna</i>, <i>Sanguinoderma</i> and <i>Tomophagus</i> are also provided. In total, 278 species are accepted as members of <i>Ganodermataceae</i> including 59 species distributed in China. <b>Taxonomic novelties:</b> <b>New genera:</b> <i>Furtadoella</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Neoganoderma</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sinoganoderma</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and <i>Trachydermella</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; <b>New species:</b> <i>Ganoderma acaciicola</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. acontextum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, <i>G. alpinum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. bubalinomarginatum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. castaneum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. chuxiongense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. cocoicola</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. fallax</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, <i>G. guangxiense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. puerense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subangustisporum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subellipsoideum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. subflexipes</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. sublobatum</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. tongshanense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>G. yunlingense</i> B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, <i>Haddowia macropora</i> B.K. Cui, Vlasák & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sanguinoderma guangdongense</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. infundibulare</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. longistipitum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. melanocarpum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sa. microsporum</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun and <i>Sa. tricolor</i> B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; <b>New combinations</b>: <i>Furtadoella biseptata</i> (Costa-Rezende <i>et al.</i>) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Fu. brasiliensis</i> (Singer) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Fu. corneri</i> (Gulaid & Ryvarden) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Neoganoderma neurosporum</i> (J.S. Furtado) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, <i>Sinoganoderma shandongense</i> (J.D. Zhao & L.W. Xu) B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and <i>Trachydermella tsunodae</i> (Yasuda ex Lloyd) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun. <b>Citation:</b> Sun Y-F, Xing J-H, He X-L, Wu D-M, Song C-G, Liu S, Vlasák J, Gates G, Gibertoni TB, Cui B-K (2022). 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Species diversity, systematic revision and molecular phylogeny of Ganodermataceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with an emphasis on Chinese collections.
Ganodermataceae is one of the main families of macrofungi since species in the family are both ecologically and economically important. The double-walled basidiospores with ornamented endospore walls are the characteristic features of Ganodermataceae. It is a large and complex family; although many studies have focused on Ganodermataceae, the global diversity, geographic distribution, taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of Ganodermataceae still remained incompletely understood. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on worldwide species of Ganodermataceae were carried out by morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from six gene loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (rpb2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1), the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU) and the small subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU). A total of 1 382 sequences were used in the phylogenetic analyses, of which 817 were newly generated, including 132 sequences of ITS, 139 sequences of nLSU, 83 sequences of rpb2, 124 sequences of tef1, 150 sequences of mtSSU and 189 sequences of nSSU. The combined six-gene dataset included sequences from 391 specimens representing 146 taxa from Ganodermataceae. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, 14 genera were confirmed in Ganodermataceae: Amauroderma, Amaurodermellus, Cristataspora, Foraminispora, Furtadoella, Ganoderma, Haddowia, Humphreya, Magoderna, Neoganoderma, Sanguinoderma, Sinoganoderma, Tomophagus and Trachydermella. Among these genera, Neoganoderma gen. nov. is proposed for Ganoderma neurosporum; Sinoganoderma gen. nov. is proposed for Ganoderma shandongense; Furtadoella gen. nov. is proposed to include taxa previously belonging to Furtadoa since Furtadoa is a homonym of a plant genus in the Araceae; Trachydermella gen. nov. is proposed to include Trachyderma tsunodae since Trachyderma is a homonym of a lichen genus in the Pannariaceae. Twenty-three new species, viz., Ganoderma acaciicola, G. acontextum, G. alpinum, G. bubalinomarginatum, G. castaneum, G. chuxiongense, G. cocoicola, G. fallax, G. guangxiense, G. puerense, G. subangustisporum, G. subellipsoideum, G. subflexipes, G. sublobatum, G. tongshanense, G. yunlingense, Haddowia macropora, Sanguinoderma guangdongense, Sa. infundibulare, Sa. longistipitum, Sa. melanocarpum, Sa. microsporum and Sa. tricolor are described. In addition, another 33 known species are also described in detail for comparison. Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores of 10 genera in Ganodermataceae are provided. A key to the accepted genera of Ganodermataceae and keys to the accepted species of Ganoderma, Haddowia, Humphreya, Magoderna, Sanguinoderma and Tomophagus are also provided. In total, 278 species are accepted as members of Ganodermataceae including 59 species distributed in China. Taxonomic novelties:New genera:Furtadoella B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Neoganoderma B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sinoganoderma B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and Trachydermella B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; New species:Ganoderma acaciicola B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. acontextum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, G. alpinum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. bubalinomarginatum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. castaneum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. chuxiongense B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. cocoicola B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. fallax B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Vlasák, G. guangxiense B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. puerense B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. subangustisporum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. subellipsoideum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. subflexipes B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. sublobatum B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. tongshanense B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, G. yunlingense B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun, Haddowia macropora B.K. Cui, Vlasák & Y.F. Sun, Sanguinoderma guangdongense B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sa. infundibulare B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sa. longistipitum B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sa. melanocarpum B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sa. microsporum B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun and Sa. tricolor B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun; New combinations: Furtadoella biseptata (Costa-Rezende et al.) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Fu. brasiliensis (Singer) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Fu. corneri (Gulaid & Ryvarden) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Neoganoderma neurosporum (J.S. Furtado) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun, Sinoganoderma shandongense (J.D. Zhao & L.W. Xu) B.K. Cui, J.H. Xing & Y.F. Sun and Trachydermella tsunodae (Yasuda ex Lloyd) B.K. Cui & Y.F. Sun. Citation: Sun Y-F, Xing J-H, He X-L, Wu D-M, Song C-G, Liu S, Vlasák J, Gates G, Gibertoni TB, Cui B-K (2022). Species diversity, systematic revision and molecular phylogeny of Ganodermataceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with an emphasis on Chinese collections. Studies in Mycology101: 287-415. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.05.
期刊介绍：
The international journal Studies in Mycology focuses on advancing the understanding of filamentous fungi, yeasts, and various aspects of mycology. It publishes comprehensive systematic monographs as well as topical issues covering a wide range of subjects including biotechnology, ecology, molecular biology, pathology, and systematics. This Open-Access journal offers unrestricted access to its content.
Each issue of Studies in Mycology consists of around 5 to 6 papers, either in the form of monographs or special focused topics. Unlike traditional length restrictions, the journal encourages submissions of manuscripts with a minimum of 50 A4 pages in print. This ensures a thorough exploration and presentation of the research findings, maximizing the depth of the published work.
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