快速充电锂离子电池石墨阳极的动力学极限。

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Nano-Micro Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI:10.1007/s40820-023-01183-6

Suting Weng, Gaojing Yang, Simeng Zhang, Xiaozhi Liu, Xiao Zhang, Zepeng Liu, Mengyan Cao, Mehmet Nurullah Ateş, Yejing Li, Liquan Chen, Zhaoxiang Wang, Xuefeng Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

快速充电的锂离子电池是非常需要的，特别是在减少广泛使用的电动汽车的里程焦虑方面。最大的瓶颈之一在于Li+嵌入石墨阳极的缓慢动力学；缓慢的嵌入将导致锂金属镀层、严重的副反应和安全问题。解决这些问题的前提是充分了解石墨在快速嵌入Li+过程中的反应途径和速率决定步骤。在此，我们比较了Li+通过石墨颗粒、界面和电极的扩散，揭示了高电流密度下锂化石墨的结构，并将其与反应动力学和电化学性能联系起来。研究发现，速率决定步骤高度依赖于颗粒尺寸、界面性质和电极配置。Li+扩散不足导致高极化、不完全嵌入和几种分级结构共存。当粒径小于10μm时，界面Li+扩散和电极传输是主要的速率决定步骤。前者高度依赖于电解质化学，并且可以通过构建氟化界面来增强。我们的发现丰富了对快速嵌入Li+过程中石墨结构演变的理解，破解了反应动力学缓慢的瓶颈，并为提高石墨阳极的快速充电性能提供了战略指导。

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Kinetic Limits of Graphite Anode for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries

Highlights

The microstructure of graphite upon rapid Li⁺ intercalation is a mixture of differently staging structures in the macroscopic and microscopic scales due to the incomplete and inhomogeneous intercalation reactions hindered by the sluggish reaction kinetics.
The Li⁺ interface diffusion dominates the reaction kinetics at high rates in thin graphite electrode, while Li⁺ diffusion through the electrode cannot to be neglected for thick graphite electrode.

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来源期刊

Nano-Micro Letters NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

42.40

自引率

4.90%

发文量

715

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Nano-Micro Letters is a peer-reviewed, international, interdisciplinary and open-access journal that focus on science, experiments, engineering, technologies and applications of nano- or microscale structure and system in physics, chemistry, biology, material science, pharmacy and their expanding interfaces with at least one dimension ranging from a few sub-nanometers to a few hundreds of micrometers. Especially, emphasize the bottom-up approach in the length scale from nano to micro since the key for nanotechnology to reach industrial applications is to assemble, to modify, and to control nanostructure in micro scale. The aim is to provide a publishing platform crossing the boundaries, from nano to micro, and from science to technologies.