我灵魂的船长:自决和需求满足有助于管理与死亡相关的认知、焦虑和幸福。

IF 6.4 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI:10.1037/pspa0000357
Kenneth E Vail, Dylan E Horner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前的研究验证了这样一种观点,即自我决定的取向可以帮助人们管理与死亡相关的想法和焦虑,并减轻死亡意识对幸福感的影响。七项研究(N=3331)使用了多种测量和操作方法,与这一观点一致。首先,死亡率显著性(与其他主题素数相比)增加了死亡思维的可及性,但如果参与者具有较高的需求满意度(研究1,n=160;研究2,n=216)或被提示回忆自主经历(研究3,n=188),则不会。其次,需求满足与死亡焦虑的减少有关(研究4a,n=301;研究4b,n=1848),启动自主概念消除了死亡显著性对死亡焦虑的影响(研究5,n=119)。第三,死亡思维可及性的提高与生活满意度(研究6,n=271)和幸福感(研究7,n=228)的降低有关,但在需求满意度高的人群中不相关。补充分析表明,需求满足的影响不是由于与情感(研究1、6、7)、认识确定性(意识形态教条主义,研究4a)或正念(研究5b和6)有关;需求满足通过自尊减轻了生存关注的影响,但不是通过成长取向(研究4b),也不是因为它与开放性的关系(研究6和7)。总之,这些发现表明,自我决定的取向可以帮助缓冲存在的担忧,提升幸福感,并指出其潜在的存在保护功能超出了已知的成长导向功能。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
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The captain of my soul: Self-determination and need-satisfaction help manage death-related cognition, anxiety, and well-being.

The present research tested the idea that a self-determined orientation may help people manage death-related thoughts and anxieties, and mitigate the effects of death awareness on well-being. Seven studies (N = 3,331), using a diversity of measures and manipulations, were consistent with that idea. First, mortality salience (vs. other topic primes) increased death-thought accessibility, but not if participants had high need-satisfaction (Study 1, n = 160; Study 2, n = 216) or were prompted to recall self-determined experiences (Study 3, n = 188). Second, need-satisfaction was associated with reduced death anxiety (Study 4a, n = 301; Study 4b, n = 1,848), and priming self-determined concepts eliminated the effect of mortality salience on death anxiety (Study 5, n = 119). Third, heightened death-thought accessibility was related to lower satisfaction with life (Study 6, n = 271) and happiness (Study 7, n = 228), but not among those with high need-satisfaction. Supplemental analyses suggested the effects of need-satisfaction were not due to associations with affect (Studies 1, 6, 7), epistemic certainty (ideological dogmatism, Study 4a), or mindfulness (Studies 5b and 6); need-satisfaction mitigated the effects of existential concern via self-esteem but not via growth orientation (Study 4b) nor due to its relationship with Openness (Studies 6 and 7). Together, these findings suggest a self-determined orientation can help buffer existential concern and buoy well-being and point to a potential existential protective function beyond its known growth-oriented functions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
3.90%
发文量
250
期刊介绍: Journal of personality and social psychology publishes original papers in all areas of personality and social psychology and emphasizes empirical reports, but may include specialized theoretical, methodological, and review papers.Journal of personality and social psychology is divided into three independently edited sections. Attitudes and Social Cognition addresses all aspects of psychology (e.g., attitudes, cognition, emotion, motivation) that take place in significant micro- and macrolevel social contexts.
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