An Initial examination of fear of negative and positive evaluation in youth

Fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and fear of positive evaluation (FPE) are both core features of social anxiety. The majority of research with these constructs has been done with older adolescents and adults, with only one previous study examining FNE and FPE in childhood. However, this previous work relied exclusively on parent-report of youth FNE and FPE. Here, we examined the factor structure of FNE and FPE using youth self-reports. Moreover, we examined the associations with dimensions of internalizing and externalizing problems. We found that two-factor structure of FNE and FPE was a marginal fit to the data. Exploratory models identified three items that showed significant cross-loadings on non-target factors. Overall, we found that FNE was associated with dimensions of internalizing problems reported by youth and their mothers. FPE was associated with internalizing problems reported by youth, but not parents. Associations between FNE and clinical outcomes were stronger than those for FPE. This study demonstrates promise of FNE and FPE in youth and highlights important directions for future research.