《口译的危险:清朝和大英帝国之间的两位翻译家的非凡生活》

IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Journal of Modern History Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1086/725950
Jessica Hanser
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引用次数: 1

摘要

马戛尔尼(1792 - 94)和阿默斯特(1816 - 17)驻清使馆经常被研究为制度或帝国文化的冲突,或两个帝国的利益竞争。亨丽埃塔·哈里森(Henrietta Harrison)的新书从侧门窥视了这些遭遇——译者的生活,他们在两种文化之间扮演着至关重要的角色,但往往是无形的角色。她关注的不是两国大使馆的官方表现,而是双方雇佣的语言学家在幕后进行的谈判——有时是在喝酒的时候,但往往是在迫在眉睫的政治威胁之下。文笔生动生动,毫不费力地将读者带入移情和历史意识的新领域。译者们独特而又亲密的故事,为那些想当然地认为中国和西方之间有着严格界限的使命的简单化叙述提供了一剂解药。这本书彻底改变了我们对导致鸦片战争的中英冲突的认识。这本书通过追踪两位翻译家的平行生活,讲述了清英两国的遭遇。其中一位是天主教牧师李自标,他在那不勒斯接受了多年的传教士培训,并担任马戛尔尼大使馆的官方翻译。另一个是乔治·托马斯·斯汤顿(George Thomas Staunton), 12岁时,他的父亲把他带上了大使馆的军舰“狮子号”(HMS Lion)。斯汤顿在访问期间掌握了流利的中文,并在广州贸易和鸦片战争时期的外交中发挥了巨大的作用。全书共20章,分为四部分,按照时间顺序重构了两人人生的主要阶段:塑造他们跨文化成长的折衷主义文化潮流(第1 - 4章);李自标如何担任清廷与马戛尔尼使节之间的调解人(第五章
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:The Perils of Interpreting: The Extraordinary Lives of Two Translators between Qing China and the British Empire
The Macartney (1792 – 94) and Amherst (1816 – 17) embassies to the Qing have often been studied as a clash of institutions or imperial cultures, or the competing interests of two empires. Henrietta Harrison ’ s new book peers into these encounters through a side door — the lives of the translators who played vital, yet often invisible roles in mediating between two cultures. She focuses not on the official performance of the embassies, but rather on the behind-the-scenes negotiations by linguists employed by both sides — sometimes over a drink, but often under the imminent danger of political threat. The prose is pictorial and vivacious, effortlessly carrying the reader into a new domain of empathy and historical awareness. The unique and intimate stories of translators offer an antidote to simplistic accounts of the missions presupposing rigid bound-aries between China and the West. The result is a book that thoroughly transforms what we know about Sino-British encounters leading up to the Opium War. The book tells the stories of the encounters between the Qing and England by trac-ing the parallel lives of two translators. One is Li Zibiao, a Catholic priest who spent years training as a missionary in Naples and served as the official translator of the Macartney Embassy. The other is George Thomas Staunton, a boy of twelve when his father brought him on board the embassy ’ s warship, HMS Lion . Staunton acquired fluency in Chinese during the mission and went on to play an enormous role in the Canton trade and Opium-war era diplomacy. The twenty chapters, arranged in four parts, follow a chronological order to reconstruct the main stages of the two men ’ s lives: the eclectic cultural currents shaping their transcultural upbringing (Chapters 1 – 4); how Li Zibiao served as the mediator between the Qing court and the Macartney Embassy (Chapters 5
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: The Journal of Modern History is recognized as the leading American journal for the study of European intellectual, political, and cultural history. The Journal"s geographical and temporal scope-the history of Europe since the Renaissance-makes it unique: the JMH explores not only events and movements in specific countries, but also broader questions that span particular times and places.
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