融入乌克兰人道主义空间条件下的克里米亚鞑靼人:教育方面

Olena Hazizova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究重点是突出克里米亚鞑靼人在克里米亚的处境,分析1991年后乌克兰在满足克里米亚鞑靼人文化教育需求方面的国家政策,以便在克里米亚实施独立的乌克兰民族政治时识别错误和误判,防止今后发生类似的错误和误判。研究问题的相关性在于,克里米亚和乌克兰东部的民族政治冲突证明,维持民族政治稳定是国家民族政策的最重要任务,是对领土完整和不可侵犯性的保证。与此同时,国家当局的立法和行动没有充分确保民族政治的稳定,这造成了民族政治及其所有组成部分的不稳定(利用自己的少数民族吞并其居住国的领土、非法公民投票、未宣布的混合战争)。未来将决定国家命运的年轻一代的观点和意识形态、刻板印象和偏见的基础是通过教育奠定的。因此,考虑到克里米亚鞑靼语在克里米亚社会文化空间中的保存和发展问题,我们将重点放在乌克兰对克里米亚自治共和国的人道主义政策的误判上。2014年之后,乌克兰通过了一系列旨在保护克里米亚鞑靼人作为乌克兰土著人民权利的立法文件。克里米亚鞑靼人公共组织有关民族和文化复兴的活动也得到加强。然而,尽管有公共倡议和项目,有必要制定和实施有效的国家计划,以在现代挑战的条件下保护和发展克里米亚鞑靼语。该计划的重点之一应该是发展一个以克里米亚鞑靼语作为教育语言的班级网络,开办和支持主日学校,出版克里米亚鞑靼语的教科书和其他文献,以及为公共文化和教育活动提供财政支持。发展和支持在乌克兰和全世界代表克里米亚鞑靼文化的项目是很重要的。
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Crimean Tatars in the Conditions of Integration into Ukrainian Humanitarian Space: Educational Aspect
The research is focused on highlighting the situation of the Crimean Tatars in Crimea, analyzing the state policy of Ukraine in the field of satisfying cultural and educational needs of the Crimean Tatars after 1991, which will make it possible to identify errors and miscalculations when implementing ethnopolitics of independent Ukraine in Crimea and prevent similar ones in the future.Relevance of the researched issues is due to the fact, that the ethnopolitical conflict in Crimea and east of Ukraine attested that maintaining ethnopolitical stability is the most important task of the ethnonational policy of the state, a guarantee of the territorial integrity and inviolability. At the same time, legislation and actions of state authorities did not fully ensure ethnopolitical stability, which caused ethnopolitical destabilization with all its components (using one's own national minority to annex the territories of the country of its residence, illegal referendums, undeclared hybrid war).Foundations of views and ideologies, stereotypes and prejudices of the young generation who will later decide the fate of the country are laid through education. Therefore, considering the problems of preservation and development of the Crimean Tatar language in the socio-cultural space of Crimea, we focused on the miscalculations in the humanitarian policy of Ukraine towards the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.After 2014 a number of legislative documents aimed at protecting the rights of the Crimean Tatar people as an indigenous people of Ukraine were adopted in Ukraine. The activities of Crimean Tatar public organizations concerning the national and cultural revival of the ethnic group were also intensified. However, despite public initiatives and projects, it is necessary to develop and implement an effective state program for the protection and development of the Crimean Tatar language in the conditions of modern challenges. One of the key points of this program should be the development of a network of classes with the Crimean Tatar language as a language of education, the opening and support of Sunday schools, publication of textbooks and additional literature in the Crimean Tatar language, and the financial support of public cultural and educational initiatives. It is important to develop and support projects that would represent Crimean Tatar culture in Ukraine and the whole world.
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