F. Takim, J. Falola-Olasunkanmi, O. Osatuyi, I. Garuba
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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要本研究分析了尼日利亚几内亚南部稀树草原伊洛林大学教学与研究农场(008°27'23.9'N和004°39'42.9'E)在2019-2021生长季节记录的田间杂草的区系组成。该地区的特点是双峰降雨模式,年平均降雨量为1227.85毫米,为沙壤土(plinthusstaff)。该实验以随机完全区组设计的方式进行,并在连续种植玉米10年的田地中重复进行三次。处理是以1.5、2.5和3.5 kg a.i.ha-1的速率在羽化前施用阿特拉津、甲草胺和primextra,并进行杂草检查。玉米采用推荐的生态学农艺措施进行播种和维护。在播种后3、6、9和12周,使用四个连续样本象限(0.5 m2)估计杂草物种组成。杂草区系由48%的阔叶植物、45%的草和7%的莎草组成。2019年至2021年间,主要的一年生阔叶草逐渐转变为诱导的一年生草,杂草群落的区系组成减少了约2-28%。十五(15)种杂草占主导地位,最稳定的杂草种类是粗糙里查迪亚、水平洋地黄和血洋地黄。这需要找到一种理想的杂草控制方案,在保持多样化杂草群落的同时,控制农业杂草对作物产量的负面影响。
Diversity and composition of weed species in a continuously grown maize field treated with selected pre-emergence herbicides
Abstract. This study analyses the floristic composition of field weeds recorded at the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm (008° 27’ 23.9’N and 004° 39’ 42.9’E) in the southern Guinea savannah of Nigeria during the 2019 – 2021 growing seasons. The area is characterized by a bimodal rainfall pattern with an average annual rainfall of 1227.85 mm and sandy loam soil (plinthustaffs). The experiment was set up as a randomized complete block design and repeated three times in a field that had been continuously maize-cropped for 10 years. Treatments were pre-emergence applications of atrazine, metolachlor, and primextra at the rate of 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 kg a.i.ha-1 and Weedy Check. Maize was sown and maintained using the recommended agronomic practices for ecology. Weed species composition was estimated using four continuous sample quadrats (0.5 m2) at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after sowing. The weed flora consisted of 48% broadleaves, grasses 45%, and 7% sedges. Between 2019 and 2021 there was a gradual shift from the predominant annual broadleaves to induced annual grasses and a reduction in the floristic composition of the weed community by approximately 2 – 28%. Fifteen (15) weed species were predominant and the most stable weed species were Richardia scabra, Digitaria horizontalis and Digitaria sanguinalis. This requires finding an ideal weed control option that controls the negative impact of agricultural weeds on crop after yield while maintaining a diverse weed community.