原始温带森林繁殖鸟类群落的长期变化:比亚沃维耶国家公园(波兰)45年的人口普查

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q3 ORNITHOLOGY Acta Ornithologica Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI:10.3161/00016454AO2022.57.1.005
T. Wesol̸owski, D. Czeszczewik, G. Hebda, M. Maziarz, C. Mitrus, P. Rowiński, G. Neubauer
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要本文报道了Białowieża国家公园(波兰东部,以下简称BNP) 30种常见森林鸟类的长期数量趋势,并探讨了45年来(1975-2019年)三种主要类型原生林的群落组成变化。我们提供了七个研究地块最近(2015-2019)的鸟类丰度数据,并将其与1975年以来收集的时间序列相结合。鸟类个体数量波动剧烈,大多数物种呈现交替阶段(种群增长的初始阶段随后是种群下降或稳定的时期)。增加了19种;年生长率最高的植物有棕柱、大石斛、小檗和菖蒲。在下降的少数物种中,次生杉(Ficedula hypoleuca)、毛竹(Phylloscopus sibilatrix)和小苗(F. parva)的下降幅度最大,分别为4.0%、2.7%和2.2%。20世纪70年代和近年来在样地繁殖的种类基本相同,表明有一个稳定的物种池。总丰度在2005年前后达到峰值,此后在落叶林分呈下降趋势,而在针叶林分随着物种丰富度的增加而进一步增加。类群间的相似性指数(β -多样性)在45年内变化不大;灰桤木和酸角木的林分最相似,而针叶林的林分间隔更大。这些变化可以部分地解释为生境结构的自然改变以及在繁殖地内外的大地理尺度上发生的过程。长期研究,如BNP在这里报道的研究,为原始栖息地鸟类群落的自然周转率提供了基础,直接不受人类影响。
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Long-Term Changes in Breeding Bird Community of a Primeval Temperate Forest: 45 years of Censuses in the Białowieża National Park (Poland)
Abstract. This paper reports the long-term numerical trends of the thirty common forest bird species and explores changes in the community composition in the three main types of old-growth stands in the Białowieża National Park (E Poland, hereafter BNP) over 45 years (1975–2019). We present recent (2015–2019) data on abundance of birds for the seven study plots and pool them with the time series collected since 1975. The numbers of individual bird species strongly fluctuated, with most of the species showing alternating phases (the initial periods of population growth followed by the periods of population decline or stability). The numbers of 19 species increased; maximum growths by c. 3–5% per year included Columba palumbus, Dendrocopos major, Sylvia atricapilla and Regulus ignicapilla. Among a few declining species, Ficedula hypoleuca, Phylloscopus sibilatrix and F. parva experienced the strongest declines, respectively by 4.0%, 2.7% and 2.2% per year. Mostly the same species bred in the plots in the 1970s and in recent years, indicating a stable species pool. The total abundance peaked around 2005, declining thereafter in deciduous stands, but increasing further (along with the species richness) in the coniferous stands. The similarity index between the study plots (beta-diversity) changed little over 45 years; ash-alder and lime-hornbeam stands remained most similar, while coniferous forests stood more apart. The changes found in the old-growth stands of BNP (mostly coniferous fragments) could be partly explained by natural modification of the habitat structure and the processes acting in the large geographical scales, within or outside of the breeding grounds. The long-term studies such as the one in the BNP reported here, provide a basis for the rates of natural turnover in the bird communities in pristine habitats, directly unaffected by human impact.
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来源期刊
Acta Ornithologica
Acta Ornithologica 生物-鸟类学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishes scientific papers (original research reports, reviews, short notes, etc.) and announcements from all fields of ornithology. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed. Established in 1933 as Acta Ornithologica Musei Zoologici Polonici, since 1953 continued under the present title. Published twice a year by the Natura Optima Dux Foundation under the auspices of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
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