利用现有评估方法观察稻瘟病及其对水稻产量的影响,支持印尼农业保险

I. Sudiarta, I. K. C. Giri Prayoga, I. G. R. Maya Temaja, Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta Wirya, M. Shishido, C. Hongo
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摘要

印尼水稻产量低的原因之一是稻瘟病的发生。稻瘟病是世界各地水稻的主要病害之一。因此,为了最大限度地降低爆发病造成产量损失的风险,印度尼西亚共和国农业部制定了农业保险计划。为了支持这些计划,需要对在固定地点观察爆炸病进行研究。本研究的目的是确认田间引起稻瘟病的病原体,确定稻瘟病的发展及其对水稻产量(谷重和秸秆重量)的影响。该研究于2019年2月至2019年4月在巴厘岛巴东县孟维区索班甘村Subak Uma Dalem的一块固定稻田中进行。结果表明,从第1周(28DAT)到第10周(104ATP),稻瘟病的发病率每周都在增加。我们的研究证实,在田间引起稻瘟病的真菌是稻瘟病菌。田间稻瘟病发病率较高,降低了谷粒和秸秆的重量,从而降低了水稻产量。
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The Observation of Blast Disease and Its Effect to Rice Yield Using Existing Assessment Method to Support the Indonesian Agriculture Insurance
One of the causes for the low productivity of rice in Indonesia is the occurrence of rice blast disease. Blast disease is one of the main diseases of rice plants around the world. Therefore to minimise the risk of the lost yield by blast disease, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia has the agriculture insurance program. To support these program, the research about observations of blast disease in a fixed location are needed. The objective this research is to confirm pathogens causing the blast disease in the fields, to determine the development of blast disease and its effect to the rice yield (grain weight and straw weight). The study was conducted in a fixed paddy field at Subak Uma Dalem, Sobangan Village, Mengwi District, Badung Regency, Bali Province from February 2019 to April 2019. The data showed that the disease incidence of rice blast increased every week starting from 1st week (28 DAT) until 10th week (104 ATP). Our study confirmed that the fungus caused the blast disease in the field was Magnaporthe oryzae. The higher incidence of blast disease in the field resulted reduced the rice yield by decreasing both grain and straw weights.
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