墨西哥的石油盗窃和暴力

IF 1.6 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE Journal of Politics in Latin America Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI:10.1177/1866802X231176572
Edgar FRANCO-VIVANCO, Cesar B. Martinez-Alvarez, I. F. Martínez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在世界各地,非国家武装行为者与非法开采能源资源有关。本研究报告探讨了墨西哥的情况。轶事证据表明,犯罪集团已经控制了全国各地的能源基础设施。与此同时,石油开采与犯罪暴力直接相关。然而,还没有系统地努力从原因上确定非法开采和犯罪暴力之间的关系。在这份研究报告中,我们使用国际油价的外生变化——作为潜在利润的衡量标准——来评估获得能源基础设施对犯罪相关暴力的影响。我们的研究结果表明,在有管道的城市和邻近城市,油价上涨与较高的谋杀率有关。具体而言,在此期间,标准价格的上涨与拥有汽油管道的城市每年增加约20%的凶杀案有关。局部水平分析表明存在非线性距离效应。最后,我们还探讨了将犯罪碎片化作为获取资源和暴力联系起来的机制。我们发现,进入管道与有组织犯罪集团的存在率较高有关,但不一定与更分散有关。
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Oil Theft and Violence in Mexico
Around the world, non-state armed actors have been linked to the illegal extraction of energy resources. This research note explores the case of Mexico. Anecdotal evidence suggests that criminal groups have been gaining control of energy infrastructure across the country. At the same time, oil tapping has been directly associated with criminal violence. Yet, there has not been a systematic effort to causally identify the relationship between illegal extraction and criminal violence. In this research note, we use the exogenous variation in international oil prices—as a measure of potential profits—to assess the effect of access to energy infrastructure on criminal-related violence. Our results show that increases in oil prices are associated with higher levels of homicide rates in municipalities with pipelines and in neighboring municipalities. Specifically, a standard price increase during this period is associated with approximately 20% more homicides per year in municipalities with gasoline pipelines. A locality-level analysis suggests a non-linear distance effect. Finally, we also explore criminal fragmentation as the mechanism connecting access to resources and violence. We find that access to pipelines is associated with higher presence of organized crime groups, but not necessarily with more fragmentation.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
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