杂草-土壤微生物群相互作用过程中有机质的竞争能力和根际矿化

IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Planta Daninha Pub Date : 2019-02-18 DOI:10.1590/S0100-83582019370100007
C. Matos, Costa, I. Silva, A. Silva
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引用次数: 6

摘要

摘要:杂草与作物之间的竞争是造成农田生产力损失的主要因素之一。本文旨在介绍和讨论杂草与微生物之间的相互作用如何影响杂草的竞争能力和土壤的理化性质。我们还讨论了杂草元素化学计量的变化如何反映其竞争和适应能力。尽管杂草的生长比作物更依赖于与土壤微生物的联系,但很少有研究评估土壤微生物群对其在农业生态系统中竞争成功的贡献。在竞争中,植物可以改变其组织的元素化学计量,在不同的营养可利用性的环境。利用生态学方法研究自然生态系统中杂草种群的动态,植物的元素化学计量学已经得到了很好的研究,这是了解杂草适应不同农业管理能力的一个很有前途的工具。植物通过一种被称为根际启动效应(RPE)的现象控制根际碳(C)和氮(N)的生物地球化学循环。虽然本综述在文献中发现了一些强有力的信息,表明杂草和作物的共存可能会增加土壤有机质矿化,但我们还没有注意到这些植物之间的竞争对RPE的影响的研究。
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Competitive Capacity and Rhizosphere Mineralization of Organic Matter During Weed-Soil Microbiota Interactions
ABSTRACT: The competition between weeds and crops is one of the main factors responsible for productivity losses in agricultural fields. This review aimed at presenting and discussing how the interactions between weeds and microorganisms can affect the competitive capacity of weeds and soil physicochemical properties. We also discuss how changes in the elemental stoichiometry of weeds can reflect their competitive and adaptative capacity. Although weeds are more dependent on associations with soil microorganisms than crops for growth, few studies have assessed the contribution of the soil microbiota to their competitive success in agroecosystems. When in competition, plants can change the elemental stoichiometry of their tissues in environments with varied nutrient availability. Elemental stoichiometry of plants has been particularly well studied using ecological approaches on the dynamics of weed populations in natural ecosystems, being a promising tool for understanding weed capacity to adapt to different agricultural managements. Plants control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the rhizosphere through a phenomenon known as the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Although this review has found some information in the literature that provides strong indications that the coexistence of weeds and crops may increase soil organic matter mineralization, we are not aware of studies investigating the effects of competition among these plants on RPE.
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来源期刊
Planta Daninha
Planta Daninha Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Planta Daninha is a scientific journal published by the Brazilian Society of Weed Science (SBCPD - Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas). Papers submitted for publication must be sent through an electronic system, on http://www.scielo.br/pd. Works may be written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, and will be accepted after being reviewed and approved by the Editorial Board. Only papers that have not been published or submitted for publication in other media will be accepted. Articles in Portuguese will be translated to English after being properly corrected and authorized by the authors. Planta Daninha has with goal to publish genuine technical-scientific papers and literature reviews from a critical perspective on Biology, weed management, and related topics.
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