Gastrosquisis: resultados en una institución de tercer nivel

Introduction

Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect, with an incidence that varies between 1.6 to 4.6 cases per 10,000 live births. It is located to the side of the umbilical cord, has no sac and has a normal insertion umbilical cord.

Material and methods

A retrospective, descriptive study of cases born in the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología between 1996 and 2010. A record was made of the frequency of demographic factors, surgical management, size of the defect and organs involved, morbidity, oral feeds, time to full feed, and associated malformations.

Results

There were 228 cases, with an incidence 30.5 × 10,000 live births. The majority (55%) of the mothers were less than 20 years old, and 9% were younger than 15 years old. There was prenatal diagnosis in 93%, 77% weighed 2500 g or less, and mortality was 6%. The most frequent associated morbidity was sepsis in 28%, followed by cholestasis in 16%, and short bowel syndrome in 5%. Only 2% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A silo was applied at 22 hours of life, with 86% requiring assisted ventilation for a mean of 9 days. Enteral feeding began at 17 days, and full feeding at 22 days of life.

Conclusion

Gastroschisis is a frequent abdominal wall defect that must be treated by a multidisciplinary team at a third level hospital. Our results are similar those reported in international literature.