Yuan Hongwen , Wang Pei , Hu Nijuan , Zhang Peng , Li Chunhua , Liu Yuqi , Ma Liangxiao , Zhu Jiang
{"title":"德气主观评价方法综述","authors":"Yuan Hongwen , Wang Pei , Hu Nijuan , Zhang Peng , Li Chunhua , Liu Yuqi , Ma Liangxiao , Zhu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.03.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>De <em>Qi</em> refers to a series of sensations experienced when acupuncture is performed at acupoints. De <em>Qi</em> comprises needling sensations felt by the patient, and the sensations perceived by the acupuncturist. Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine theory states that De <em>Qi</em> is closely related to curative effect. In modern studies, the main index that researchers have used to evaluate De <em>Qi</em> was the needling sensation reported by the patient. Between 1st Aug and 31st Oct 2014, we conducted an electronic database search of all fields in Chinese and English to select literature assessing acupuncture needle sensations. We then reviewed the methods used within these studies to evaluate De <em>Qi.</em> The methods included simple evaluation, and the use of a De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire. The simple evaluation, a qualitative evaluation, was judged by typical sensations felt by the patient after needling at acupoints, such as soreness, numbness, fullness, and heaviness. This method was easy and practicable, and had been adopted widely by Chinese researchers. In contrast, the De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire, a quantitative evaluation, had multiple compiling methods available for evaluating the intensity of De <em>Qi.</em> The standardization and objectification of the De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire effectively improved the quality of studies on De <em>Qi</em>, thereby these scales/questionnaires have been acknowledged and applied by most researchers. The present review analyzed and compared the scales/questionnaires used to evaluate De <em>Qi</em>; furthermore, we provided suggestions for the development and improvement of these questionnaires through integration with classical De <em>Qi</em> theory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 309-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.03.001","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A review of the methods used for subjective evaluation of De Qi\",\"authors\":\"Yuan Hongwen , Wang Pei , Hu Nijuan , Zhang Peng , Li Chunhua , Liu Yuqi , Ma Liangxiao , Zhu Jiang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.03.001\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>De <em>Qi</em> refers to a series of sensations experienced when acupuncture is performed at acupoints. De <em>Qi</em> comprises needling sensations felt by the patient, and the sensations perceived by the acupuncturist. Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine theory states that De <em>Qi</em> is closely related to curative effect. In modern studies, the main index that researchers have used to evaluate De <em>Qi</em> was the needling sensation reported by the patient. Between 1st Aug and 31st Oct 2014, we conducted an electronic database search of all fields in Chinese and English to select literature assessing acupuncture needle sensations. We then reviewed the methods used within these studies to evaluate De <em>Qi.</em> The methods included simple evaluation, and the use of a De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire. The simple evaluation, a qualitative evaluation, was judged by typical sensations felt by the patient after needling at acupoints, such as soreness, numbness, fullness, and heaviness. This method was easy and practicable, and had been adopted widely by Chinese researchers. In contrast, the De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire, a quantitative evaluation, had multiple compiling methods available for evaluating the intensity of De <em>Qi.</em> The standardization and objectification of the De <em>Qi</em> scale/questionnaire effectively improved the quality of studies on De <em>Qi</em>, thereby these scales/questionnaires have been acknowledged and applied by most researchers. The present review analyzed and compared the scales/questionnaires used to evaluate De <em>Qi</em>; furthermore, we provided suggestions for the development and improvement of these questionnaires through integration with classical De <em>Qi</em> theory.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17513,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine\",\"volume\":\"38 2\",\"pages\":\"Pages 309-314\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.03.001\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254627218302462\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254627218302462","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
A review of the methods used for subjective evaluation of De Qi
De Qi refers to a series of sensations experienced when acupuncture is performed at acupoints. De Qi comprises needling sensations felt by the patient, and the sensations perceived by the acupuncturist. Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine theory states that De Qi is closely related to curative effect. In modern studies, the main index that researchers have used to evaluate De Qi was the needling sensation reported by the patient. Between 1st Aug and 31st Oct 2014, we conducted an electronic database search of all fields in Chinese and English to select literature assessing acupuncture needle sensations. We then reviewed the methods used within these studies to evaluate De Qi. The methods included simple evaluation, and the use of a De Qi scale/questionnaire. The simple evaluation, a qualitative evaluation, was judged by typical sensations felt by the patient after needling at acupoints, such as soreness, numbness, fullness, and heaviness. This method was easy and practicable, and had been adopted widely by Chinese researchers. In contrast, the De Qi scale/questionnaire, a quantitative evaluation, had multiple compiling methods available for evaluating the intensity of De Qi. The standardization and objectification of the De Qi scale/questionnaire effectively improved the quality of studies on De Qi, thereby these scales/questionnaires have been acknowledged and applied by most researchers. The present review analyzed and compared the scales/questionnaires used to evaluate De Qi; furthermore, we provided suggestions for the development and improvement of these questionnaires through integration with classical De Qi theory.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine(JTCM) is devoted to clinical and theortical research on the use of acupuncture and Oriental medicine. The main columns include Clinical Observations, Basic Investigations, Reviews, Questions and Answers, an Expert''s Forum, and Discussions of Clinical Cases. Its key topics include acupuncture and electro-acupuncture, herbal medicine, homeopathy, masseotherapy, mind-body therapies, palliative care, and other CAM therapies.