危机中的旅游理论化:就地写作和联系

IF 3.3 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Tourist Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI:10.1177/1468797621989218
Chrissie Gibson
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引用次数: 10

摘要

最近的头条事件——最引人注目的是新冠肺炎大流行——说明了旅游资本主义的脆弱性,促使批判性学者进行前瞻性分析。在努力解决政治和哲学含义的同时,评论倾向于规定性和一般性:思考我们所知的旅游业的崩溃,并预测重建更可持续、更有弹性和包容性的旅游形式的机会。听从Haraway“不要惹麻烦”的呼吁,我简要概述了三个富有同情心的批评,综合了人类理论、灾害研究和气候变化适应文献的见解。首先,我对破坏和变化的暂时性感到不安,这些破坏和变化强调的是单一时刻,如封锁,而不是脆弱性和韧性的多重暂时性。其次,一种潜伏的物种例外论将人类定位为能动性的场所,与非人类塑造展开事件的能力形成对比。第三,基于规范类别的对旅游业未来的猜测,脱离了生活经验,与第一民族本体论以及旅游业关系的混乱形成了对比。理论上的旅游业,在危机内外,必须从人种学的角度反复发展。为了说明这一点,我在澳大利亚东海岸“写作”,2020年,澳大利亚稳定增长的旅游经济经历了深刻的破坏,不仅是因为冠状病毒相关的旅行限制,还因为气候变化加剧了灾难性的山火。从这个角度来看,多重创伤折射出旅游业的反应,而希望与谨慎交织在一起,缓和了对未来的尖锐宣言。非人类、政治、经济和情感都与旅游业密不可分。在我们的学术计算中,生活(而非人类)经历的艰难导航必须更加突出。
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Theorising tourism in crisis: Writing and relating in place
Recent headline events – most notably the COVID-19 pandemic – have illustrated the fragility of tourism capitalism, prompting forward-looking analyses among critical scholars. While grappling with political and philosophical implications, commentaries have tended towards the prescriptive and general: contemplating the collapse of tourism as-we-know-it, and foregrounding opportunities to reconstitute more sustainable, resilient and inclusive forms of tourism. Heeding Haraway’s call to ‘stay with the trouble’, I briefly outline three sympathetic critiques, integrating insights from more-than-human theory, disaster studies and climate change adaptation literatures. First, I unsettle temporalities of disruption and change that emphasise singular moments, such as lockdowns, rather than multiple temporalities of vulnerability and resilience. Second, a lurking species exceptionalism, which positions humans as the locus of agency, is contrasted with nonhuman capacities to shape unfurling events. Third, speculations on tourism’s future that rest on normative categories, disembodied from lived experience, are contrasted with First Nations ontologies, and the messiness of tourism’s relatings in place. Theorising tourism, within and beyond crisis, must evolve iteratively from the ethnographic. To illustrate, I ‘write from’ the east coast of Australia, where an otherwise steady-growth tourism economy has experienced profound disruption in 2020, not just from coronavirus-related travel restrictions, but from climate-change-amplified catastrophic bushfires. From this vantage point, multiple traumas refract tourism industry responses, while hope commingles with caution, tempering strident proclamations on the future. The nonhuman, political-economic, and emotional are inextricably entwined in the fabric of tourism. The fraught navigation of lived (more-than-human) experience must figure more prominently in our scholarly reckonings.
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来源期刊
Tourist Studies
Tourist Studies HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
4.20%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: Tourist Studies is a multi-disciplinary journal providing a platform for the development of critical perspectives on the nature of tourism as a social phenomenon through a qualitative lens. Theoretical and multi-disciplinary. Tourist Studies provides a critical social science approach to the study of the tourist and the structures which influence tourist behaviour and the production and reproduction of tourism. The journal examines the relationship between tourism and related fields of social inquiry. Tourism and tourist styles consumption are not only emblematic of many features of contemporary social change, such as mobility, restlessness, the search for authenticity and escape, but they are increasingly central to economic restructuring, globalization, the sociology of consumption and the aestheticization of everyday life. Tourist Studies analyzes these features of tourism from a multi-disciplinary perspective and seeks to evaluate, compare and integrate approaches to tourism from sociology, socio-psychology, leisure studies, cultural studies, geography and anthropology. Global Perspective. Tourist Studies takes a global perspective of tourism, widening and challenging the established views of tourism presented in current periodical literature. Tourist Studies includes: Theoretical analysis with a firm grounding in contemporary problems and issues in tourism studies, qualitative analyses of tourism and the tourist experience, reviews linking theory and policy, interviews with scholars at the forefront of their fields, review essays on particular fields or issues in the study of tourism, review of key texts, publications and visual media relating to tourism studies, and notes on conferences and other events of topical interest to the field of tourism studies.
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