从进化角度对В科昆虫核型的比较分析

IF 0.4 Q4 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Agricultural Science and Practice Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI:10.15407/agrisp9.01.027
V. Dzitsiuk, H. Bratytsia, T. Dyman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标本研究的目的是利用染色体的G和Ag带分化技术分析牛科特定农业动物物种的染色体组,并证明其变异性在进化中的作用。方法。淋巴细胞的培养和染色体制剂是通过Moorhead等人(1960)的方法制备的。采用Barch M J等人(1997)的G显带法和Zhu JJ等人(2019)的Ag显带法对中期染色体的制备进行了分析。根据国际家牛染色体无畸变系统(2001)的建议对染色体畸变进行了分类。利用“STATISTICA6.1”建立了哺乳动物亲缘关系的树状图。采用G带和Ag带方法对牛、绵羊和水牛的染色体组进行了比较研究。分析了牛科染色体结构组织的同源性和核型的进化变化,重点介绍了它们的性染色体和具有特定基因连锁局部化群的染色体。通过G-显带谱,在研究物种的代表中发现了相当大的染色体位点同源性。为了研究系统发育的相互关系,使用中期染色体中活性核仁组织区(NOR)的数量指数。结论。通过对牛科、牛头牛、绵羊和Bubalus bubalis bubalis的农业动物染色体形态的比较,证实了一些染色体位点的同源性与由于端部着丝粒染色体的连锁而形成的中心粒染色体之间的联系。研究动物性染色体的物种特异性形态差异主要表现在中心周围倒位的长度和存在性方面。牛科物种之间的系统发育关系表明,根据活跃NOR数量的可变性确定的距离值反映了它们系统发育相似性的程度。
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Comparative analysis of karyotypes of Вovidae family from the evolutionary aspect
Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze chromosome sets of specific species of agricultural animals of Bovidae family using the techniques of differentiated G- and Ag-banding of chromosomes and to demonstrate the role of their variability in the evolution. Methods. The culture of lymphocytes and chromosome preparations were pre- pared by the method of Moorhead et al (1960). The preparations of metaphase chromosomes were analyzed by the G-banding methods of Barch M J et al (1997) and by Ag-banding method of Zhu JJ et al (2019). The chromosomal aberrations were classified according to the recommendations of the International System for Chromosome No- menclature of Domestic Bovids (2001). The dendrogram of phylogenetic relations between mammalian species was built using “STATISTICA 6.1”. Results. The comparative study of the chromosomal sets of cattle Bos taurus, domestic sheep Ovis aries and river buffalo Bubalus bubalis bubalis was conducted using G- and Ag-banding methods. The homology of the structural organization of chromosomes and the evolutionary changes in karyotypes of Bovidae family were analyzed, highlighting their sex chromosomes and the chromosomes with specific local- ized groups of gene linkage. A considerable homology of chromosome sites was found in the representatives of the investigated species by the G-banding profiles. To study the phylogenetic interrelations, the index of the number of active nucleolus organizer regions (NOR) in the chromosomes during the metaphase stage was used. Conclu- sions. The comparison of the morphology of chromosomes of agricultural animals of Bovidae family, Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Bubalus bubalis bubalis confirms the association between the homology of some chromosomal sites and the formation of metacentric chromosomes due to the linkage of acrocentric ones. The species-specific morphological differences in sex chromosomes of the investigated animals were found in terms of the length and presence of pericentric inversions. The phylogenetic relations between the species of Bovidae family demonstrate that the value of distances, determined based on the variability of the number of active NOR, reflects the degree of their phylogenetic similarity.
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Agricultural Science and Practice
Agricultural Science and Practice AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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25.00%
发文量
6
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