草原坑区土地利用方式影响土壤细菌群落组成和氮循环基因相对丰度。

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI:10.1139/cjss-2022-0121
J. Town, Min Yu, R. Lemke, B. Helgason
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引用次数: 1

摘要

北美草原坑洼区起伏的地形造成了土壤水分和养分水平的时空变异,影响了微生物群落过程和温室气体排放。通过鉴定永久覆盖地与一年生作物地在两个生长季节(2017年和2018年)土壤细菌和古菌群落组成以及氮循环基因丰度的差异,我们能够评估地形和土地利用对土壤微生物群功能能力的影响。永久草地覆盖与高地较高的细菌多样性和低洼地区较低的细菌多样性相关。沿地形坡面各点的细菌群落组成在栽培植被和永久植被之间也存在显著差异,在坡脚和坡背位置的影响最大。与永久覆盖相比,一年生农田土壤具有更丰富的硝化菌,包括趾坡和后坡的硝化螺旋菌,以及肩部和小丘的硝化螺旋菌科,而永久覆盖土壤在多个高地位置具有更丰富的Rhodospirillales和菌丝微生物科的几种Alphaproteobacteria。常年耕作的旱地土壤中细菌和古细菌氨氧化(amoA)基因的丰度和nirK:nirS基因的比例也始终高于常年覆盖的旱地土壤。这些微生物群落组成的差异与一年生旱地土壤中较高的N2O和CO2排放有关,但在低洼地区,两个系统之间的温室气体排放没有差异。
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Land use in the Prairie Pothole Region influences the soil bacterial community composition and relative abundance of nitrogen cycling genes.
The undulating topography of Prairie Pothole Region of North America creates spatial and temporal variability in soil moisture and nutrient levels, affecting microbial community processes and GHG emissions. By identifying differences in soil bacterial and archaeal community composition and the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes in permanent cover vs. annual crop land over two growing seasons (2017 and 2018), we were able to assess the effects of topography and land use on the functional capacity of the soil microbiome. Permanent grassland cover was associated with higher bacterial diversity in upland positions and lower diversity in low lying depressions. Bacterial community composition was also significantly different between cultivated and permanent cover at all points along the topographic slope, with the largest effects seen in the footslope and backslope positions. Compared to permanent cover, soil from annual cropland had consistently more abundant nitrifiers, including Nitrospira in the toeslope and backslope, and Nitrososphaeraceae in the shoulder and knoll samples while soils from permanent cover had a greater abundance of several Alphaproteobacteria from Rhodospirillales and Hyphomicrobiaceae across multiple upland positions. Upland soils from annual cropland also had consistently higher abundance of both bacterial and archaeal ammonia oxidizing (amoA) genes and a higher ratio of nirK:nirS genes compared to those from permanent cover. These differences in microbial community composition were associated with higher N2O and CO2 emissions in upland soils in annual cropland, however there were no differences in GHG emissions between the two systems in low lying positions.
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来源期刊
Canadian Journal of Soil Science
Canadian Journal of Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
73
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: The Canadian Journal of Soil Science is an international peer-reviewed journal published in cooperation with the Canadian Society of Soil Science. The journal publishes original research on the use, management, structure and development of soils and draws from the disciplines of soil science, agrometeorology, ecology, agricultural engineering, environmental science, hydrology, forestry, geology, geography and climatology. Research is published in a number of topic sections including: agrometeorology; ecology, biological processes and plant interactions; composition and chemical processes; physical processes and interfaces; genesis, landscape processes and relationships; contamination and environmental stewardship; and management for agricultural, forestry and urban uses.
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