小麦高矮、抽穗和成熟度与提高产量的关系

IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI:10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.5
D. Mohan, H. M. Mamrutha, Rinki Khobra, Gyanendra Singh, G. P. Singh
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引用次数: 2

摘要

在许多生产环境中,通过粒数和粒重来提高小麦产量变得越来越困难。是否可以探索高度、花期、成熟度等非籽粒产量参数作为进一步增产的替代方法?本研究通过分析2000-2021年期间在印度10个不同生产环境中评估的已发布和预发布品种的表现,了解了这种可能性。回归分析强调了这三种作物表达与小麦产量的相关性,并根据它们的贡献,为印度不同的生产环境提出了选择标准。每种环境的影响程度各不相同,在生长条件最有利于小麦生长的生产环境中,即西北平原,它们的集体贡献最大。在这一地区,无论是小麦品类,即早播还是晚播,提高小麦的高度和成熟期加上提前抽穗都是有益的。这三个产量决定因素在邻近东北平原的适时播种条件下也非常有效,但在晚播条件下,延长抽穗期是主要的产量预测因子。在印度中部,及时播种的高度和晚播的成熟度是最关键的。在印度半岛,及时播种的延迟抽穗和晚播的超长开花已被用于提高产量。建议在北方丘陵地区采用晚播小麦延迟成熟和晚播小麦延迟高度来提高产量。除了产量外,这种基于作物物候和高度的选择策略在特定环境下也能提高粒重。当谷物属性的选择不能进一步推动生产力的提高时;这些非籽田指标可作为面包小麦进一步提高产量的选择策略,值得探索。
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Relevance of height, heading and maturity in productivity enhancement of wheat
Yield improvement in wheat through grain number and grain weight has become increasingly difficult in many production environments. Can the non-grain yield parameters of yield like height, flowering and maturity be explored as an alternate for further yield enhancement? This study comprehends such possibilities by analysing performance of the released and pre-released varieties evaluated in ten diverse production environments of India during the period 2000-2021. Regression analysis has highlighted relevance of these three crop expressions in wheat yield and based upon their contribution, selection criteria has been suggested for different production environments of India. Magnitude of impact varied under each environment and their collective contribution was highest in a production environment where growth condition was most favourable for wheat growth i.e., north-western plains. Increase in height and maturity duration coupled with early heading was found useful in this region for both wheat category, i.e., timely-sown and late-sown. These three yield determinants were found highly effective in timely-sown of the adjoining north-eastern plains also but under late-sown condition, prolonged heading was the chief yield predictor. Height for timely-sown and maturity for late-sown condition was most crucial for central India. Delayed heading in timely-sown and late flowering with extra height in late-sown wheat had been tipped for yield improvement in peninsular India. Delayed maturity for timely-sown and height for late-sown wheat had been suggested for productivity enhancement in the northern hills. Besides grain yield, this selection strategy based upon height and crop phenology also enhanced grain weight in certain environments. At a time when selection for grain attributes is not providing further push in productivity enhancement; it would be worth trying to explore these non-grain field indicators as selection strategy for further advancement in productivity of bread wheat.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
10.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Advance the cause of genetics and plant breeding and to encourage and promote study and research in these disciplines in the service of agriculture; to disseminate the knowledge of genetics and plant breeding; provide facilities for association and conference among students of genetics and plant breeding and for encouragement of close relationship between them and those in the related sciences; advocate policies in the interest of the nation in the field of genetics and plant breeding, and facilitate international cooperation in the field of genetics and plant breeding.
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