Manmode Darpan Mohanrao, M. Sujatha, S. Vanisri, B. V. Sagar, Y. R. Reddy, K. Sravanthi, S. Senthilvel
Castor is an industrially important oilseed crop, which provides raw material to many industries. Despite its industrial importance, the genomic resources available for molecular breeding applications are limited. In the present study, a set of 135 SNP loci polymorphic between two castor inbred lines namely, JC-12 and RG-1963 were targeted to develop competitive allele specific PCR assays for genotyping purposes. The assays were validated in the F2 population of JC-12 × RG-1963 cross. Out of 135 assays designed, 124 were found to be successful in discriminating three expected genotypes in the F2 population. Using the SNP genotyping data, a genetic linkage map representing 10 haploid chromosomes of castor was constructed, which corresponded very well with the physical map. This set of validated SNP markers is a useful resource for application in molecular breeding of castor.
{"title":"Development of competitive allele specific PCR based SNP genotyping assays for breeding applications in castor","authors":"Manmode Darpan Mohanrao, M. Sujatha, S. Vanisri, B. V. Sagar, Y. R. Reddy, K. Sravanthi, S. Senthilvel","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Castor is an industrially important oilseed crop, which provides raw material to many industries. Despite its industrial importance, the genomic resources available for molecular breeding applications are limited. In the present study, a set of 135 SNP loci polymorphic between two castor inbred lines namely, JC-12 and RG-1963 were targeted to develop competitive allele specific PCR assays for genotyping purposes. The assays were validated in the F2 population of JC-12 × RG-1963 cross. Out of 135 assays designed, 124 were found to be successful in discriminating three expected genotypes in the F2 population. Using the SNP genotyping data, a genetic linkage map representing 10 haploid chromosomes of castor was constructed, which corresponded very well with the physical map. This set of validated SNP markers is a useful resource for application in molecular breeding of castor.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44074726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid authentication is important in the selection of good quality hybrid seedlings in coconut before distribution to various stakeholders. Fourteen coconut specific SSR primer pairs were initially used to screen parental lines used in coconut hybrid nut production for polymorphism. Primers capable of differentiating parents, CncirE2 and CnCirE10 were then utilized to screen seedlings in the coconut nursery to identify true hybrids based on the complementary banding pattern of both male and female parents
{"title":"Molecular marker assisted confirmation of hybrids in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)","authors":"R. Sudha, K. Samsudeen, M. K. Rajesh, V. Niral","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid authentication is important in the selection of good quality hybrid seedlings in coconut before distribution to various stakeholders. Fourteen coconut specific SSR primer pairs were initially used to screen parental lines used in coconut hybrid nut production for polymorphism. Primers capable of differentiating parents, CncirE2 and CnCirE10 were then utilized to screen seedlings in the coconut nursery to identify true hybrids based on the complementary banding pattern of both male and female parents","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41734978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Diaz, W. H. Mamani, Liesbeth van den Brink, Maria N. Fuentes, M. A. Aburto
Bomarea ovallei (Phil.) Ravenna (2n=2x=18) is an endangered endemic species that inhabits only a small part of the coast of the Atacama region. We describe the structure, gene composition and phylogeny of the complete chloroplast sequence of this elusive species. The chloroplast genome consists of 155,018 bp, with typical quadripartite structures: a large single copy region (LSC) of 84,132 bp, a small single copy region (SSC) of 17,794 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) contain 26,546 bp. One hundred and thirty-four genes were identified out of which 84 coding genes, 8 rRNA, 38 tRNA and 4 pseudogenes. B. ovallei chloroplast resembles chloroplasts from seven species of the order Liliales in length and structure and is most similar to Bomarea edulis (BP=100). The average nucleotide variability (Pi) of 0.00254 between these two Bomarea species is moderate. Nine loci with increased variability were identified: rps16-trnQ, atpF, trnL, ndhC-trnV, rbcL, psbJ, rpl32-trnL, ndhD and ycf1. These loci could be used as DNA markers for classification and evaluation studies in Bomarea populations.
{"title":"The complete chloroplast genome of the endangered species garra de león [Bomarea ovallei (Phil.) Ravenna] from Chile","authors":"R. Diaz, W. H. Mamani, Liesbeth van den Brink, Maria N. Fuentes, M. A. Aburto","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Bomarea ovallei (Phil.) Ravenna (2n=2x=18) is an endangered endemic species that inhabits only a small part of the coast of the Atacama region. We describe the structure, gene composition and phylogeny of the complete chloroplast sequence of this elusive species. The chloroplast genome consists of 155,018 bp, with typical quadripartite structures: a large single copy region (LSC) of 84,132 bp, a small single copy region (SSC) of 17,794 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) contain 26,546 bp. One hundred and thirty-four genes were identified out of which 84 coding genes, 8 rRNA, 38 tRNA and 4 pseudogenes. B. ovallei chloroplast resembles chloroplasts from seven species of the order Liliales in length and structure and is most similar to Bomarea edulis (BP=100). The average nucleotide variability (Pi) of 0.00254 between these two Bomarea species is moderate. Nine loci with increased variability were identified: rps16-trnQ, atpF, trnL, ndhC-trnV, rbcL, psbJ, rpl32-trnL, ndhD and ycf1. These loci could be used as DNA markers for classification and evaluation studies in Bomarea populations.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47532868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Arunachalam, R. Lalitha, C. Vanniarajan, J. Souframanien
Main objective of this study was to alter the grain size of drought tolerant Anna (R) 4 rice variety, because it fetches less market due to its long slender grain type. Hence to reduce the grain size, the seeds of Anna (R) 4rice were irradiated with physical mutagens namely gamma rays and electron beam. The small grain size mutants from 200, 250, 300 and 350 Gy were advanced to M2 and further generations. The maximum kernel length reduction obtained was 6.04 and 5.71 mm in M2 generation of gamma rays and electron beam respectively. On selection of small grain mutants over generations, the more number of mutants was realisedfrom electron beam in M4 generation especially at 300 Gy, in terms of reduced kernel length, kernel width and grain weight. This offers chance to selecting early maturing and high grain yield per plant over wild type. These findings indicated that mutation approach by electron beam offers high chance of getting small grain size mutants as well as grain yield improvement than gamma rays.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of gamma rays and electron beam in altering rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain size","authors":"P. Arunachalam, R. Lalitha, C. Vanniarajan, J. Souframanien","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Main objective of this study was to alter the grain size of drought tolerant Anna (R) 4 rice variety, because it fetches less market due to its long slender grain type. Hence to reduce the grain size, the seeds of Anna (R) 4rice were irradiated with physical mutagens namely gamma rays and electron beam. The small grain size mutants from 200, 250, 300 and 350 Gy were advanced to M2 and further generations. The maximum kernel length reduction obtained was 6.04 and 5.71 mm in M2 generation of gamma rays and electron beam respectively. On selection of small grain mutants over generations, the more number of mutants was realisedfrom electron beam in M4 generation especially at 300 Gy, in terms of reduced kernel length, kernel width and grain weight. This offers chance to selecting early maturing and high grain yield per plant over wild type. These findings indicated that mutation approach by electron beam offers high chance of getting small grain size mutants as well as grain yield improvement than gamma rays.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46514973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. G. Majumdar, A. Rao, Amit Kairi, Prabina Kumar Meher, Sarika Sahu
Though the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not encode for proteins, they act as functional RNAs and regulate gene expression besides their involvement in disease-causing mechanisms and epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, discriminating ncRNAs from coding RNAs (cRNAs) is important in transcriptome studies. Several machine learning-based classifiers, including deep learning classifiers, have been employed for discriminating cRNAsfrom ncRNAs. However, the performance comparison of such classifiers in plant species is yet to be ascertained. Thus, in the present study, the performance of the classifiers such as Deep Neural Network (DNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were evaluated for classifying cRNAs and ncRNAsby using the datasets of plant species including crops such as rice, wheat, maize, cotton, sunflower, barley, banana, grape, papaya. Further, the performance of classifiers was assessed by following the cross-validation process as well as by considering an independent test data set of 3,997 cRNAs and 4,110 ncRNAs. The results revealed that Random Forest classifier exhibited highest performance accuracy (99.803%) among the machine learning classifiers, followed by DNN (99.519%), SVM (97.364%) and ANN (99.260%). The present study is expected to help computational and experimental biologists for easy discrimination between coding and non-coding RNAs.
{"title":"Identification of efficient learning classifiers for discrimination of coding and non-coding RNAs in plant species","authors":"P. G. Majumdar, A. Rao, Amit Kairi, Prabina Kumar Meher, Sarika Sahu","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Though the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not encode for proteins, they act as functional RNAs and regulate gene expression besides their involvement in disease-causing mechanisms and epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, discriminating ncRNAs from coding RNAs (cRNAs) is important in transcriptome studies. Several machine learning-based classifiers, including deep learning classifiers, have been employed for discriminating cRNAsfrom ncRNAs. However, the performance comparison of such classifiers in plant species is yet to be ascertained. Thus, in the present study, the performance of the classifiers such as Deep Neural Network (DNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were evaluated for classifying cRNAs and ncRNAsby using the datasets of plant species including crops such as rice, wheat, maize, cotton, sunflower, barley, banana, grape, papaya. Further, the performance of classifiers was assessed by following the cross-validation process as well as by considering an independent test data set of 3,997 cRNAs and 4,110 ncRNAs. The results revealed that Random Forest classifier exhibited highest performance accuracy (99.803%) among the machine learning classifiers, followed by DNN (99.519%), SVM (97.364%) and ANN (99.260%). The present study is expected to help computational and experimental biologists for easy discrimination between coding and non-coding RNAs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41514016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil seed crop of tropical and subtropical countries. Sesame is an autogamous indeterminate crop. Crossing programme plays a major role in creating variability. The main objective of the present work is the development of Adhesive Bud Method, a novel crossing technique in sesame. Here, emasculation and pollination were carried out parallelly during 3.00 PM to 6.00 PM Foreign pollen contamination is completely restricted using this procedure. Pollination is affected whenever the pollen dehisces and stigma attains receptivity.Five straight cross combinations are attempted using Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique in sesame. It resulted in 52–68 percentage of capsule development with effective hybridization of the desirable parents. This novel Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique, helps the sesame breeders adapt an easy, effective and efficient crossing programme
{"title":"Adhesive bud method: A novel crossing technique in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"A. Sirisha, T. L. Thentu, S.K. Haseena Banu","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil seed crop of tropical and subtropical countries. Sesame is an autogamous indeterminate crop. Crossing programme plays a major role in creating variability. The main objective of the present work is the development of Adhesive Bud Method, a novel crossing technique in sesame. Here, emasculation and pollination were carried out parallelly during 3.00 PM to 6.00 PM Foreign pollen contamination is completely restricted using this procedure. Pollination is affected whenever the pollen dehisces and stigma attains receptivity.Five straight cross combinations are attempted using Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique in sesame. It resulted in 52–68 percentage of capsule development with effective hybridization of the desirable parents. This novel Adhesive Bud Method, crossing technique, helps the sesame breeders adapt an easy, effective and efficient crossing programme\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43427967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering global warming as a major constraint of yield and quality, the present study accessed the impact of terminal heat stress on wheat yield stability and grain Fe and Zn content in wheat. Twenty-three wheat genotypes of CGIAR Research Program (CRP) and two check varieties, PBW343 and HD2967 were evaluated for grain yield stability and the Fe and Zn content under heat stress conditions at terminal stage. Stability measures indicated CRP7, CRP8, CRP33, CRP46, and CRP48 to be the most stable genotypes. Grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content showed a high degree of variation. Under normal sown conditions the Fe content varied from 20.47 ppm (HD2967) to 76.07 ppm (CRP7) while the Zn content varied from 25.17 ppm (HD2967) to 65.6 ppm (CRP48). Under the stress, variation in the Fe content was observed from 10.17 ppm (PBW343) to 43.93 ppm (CRP54) whereas the Zn content variation ranged from 20.33 ppm (CRP30) to 55.13 ppm (CRP48). The overall average content of Fe was reduced by 31.98 % and Zn by 5.91% under the heat stress indicating grain Fe content to be highly vulnerable to the terminal heat stress than the Zn content.
{"title":"Studies on effects of terminal heat stress on yield stability, grain iron and zinc contents in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Sourav Panigrahi, Yaswant Kumar Pankaj, V. Kumar, Raj Kumar, Santoshkumar Singh","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Considering global warming as a major constraint of yield and quality, the present study accessed the impact of terminal heat stress on wheat yield stability and grain Fe and Zn content in wheat. Twenty-three wheat genotypes of CGIAR Research Program (CRP) and two check varieties, PBW343 and HD2967 were evaluated for grain yield stability and the Fe and Zn content under heat stress conditions at terminal stage. Stability measures indicated CRP7, CRP8, CRP33, CRP46, and CRP48 to be the most stable genotypes. Grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content showed a high degree of variation. Under normal sown conditions the Fe content varied from 20.47 ppm (HD2967) to 76.07 ppm (CRP7) while the Zn content varied from 25.17 ppm (HD2967) to 65.6 ppm (CRP48). Under the stress, variation in the Fe content was observed from 10.17 ppm (PBW343) to 43.93 ppm (CRP54) whereas the Zn content variation ranged from 20.33 ppm (CRP30) to 55.13 ppm (CRP48). The overall average content of Fe was reduced by 31.98 % and Zn by 5.91% under the heat stress indicating grain Fe content to be highly vulnerable to the terminal heat stress than the Zn content.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43278049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Joshi, N. Ramawat, R. P. Sah, Anita Gogia, A. Talukdar, Shraddha Sharma, A. Kumar, R. Raje, A. Patil, Durgesh Kumar
Identification of salt-tolerant genotypes and their subsequent utilization in producing salt tolerant varieties would be the most appropriate and cost-effective strategy for improving the yield of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) in salt-affected areas of the country. The present study assessed fifty diverse pigeonpea genotypes for their responses to salt (NaCl) concentrations of 60, 80 and 100 mM at seed germination and seedling stage (21-days-old). The tested genotypes were assessed for their changes in 11 morpho-physiological traits under salt stress and the phenotypic scores of the genotypes were analyzed statistically. Statistically, significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the morpho-physiological traits under study including the germination percentage and seedling survivability. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation among the traits and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the seedling stage of the crop and 80 mM Nacl concentration are optimum for identifying pigeonpea genotypes tolerant to salt stress under controlled conditions. Out of the 50 genotypes, 10, namely, BDN-708, AKTM 16-41, AKTE 16-09, JKM-7, TV-1, BDN-716, PT 0607-5-1, JKM-189, Phule Rajeshwary, BDN-711 and AKTE-12-04 were found to be tolerant to salt stress and rest were sensitive. The salt tolerant genotypes clustered together under UPGMA, indicating their genetic relatedness for the trait. The salt tolerant genotypes identified in this study would be useful in the development of a mapping population for mapping the salt stress, and breeding for high-yielding pigeonpea varieties with tolerance to salt stress.
{"title":"Assessment of salt tolerance potential at the germination and seedling stages in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)","authors":"R. Joshi, N. Ramawat, R. P. Sah, Anita Gogia, A. Talukdar, Shraddha Sharma, A. Kumar, R. Raje, A. Patil, Durgesh Kumar","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Identification of salt-tolerant genotypes and their subsequent utilization in producing salt tolerant varieties would be the most appropriate and cost-effective strategy for improving the yield of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) in salt-affected areas of the country. The present study assessed fifty diverse pigeonpea genotypes for their responses to salt (NaCl) concentrations of 60, 80 and 100 mM at seed germination and seedling stage (21-days-old). The tested genotypes were assessed for their changes in 11 morpho-physiological traits under salt stress and the phenotypic scores of the genotypes were analyzed statistically. Statistically, significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the morpho-physiological traits under study including the germination percentage and seedling survivability. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation among the traits and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the seedling stage of the crop and 80 mM Nacl concentration are optimum for identifying pigeonpea genotypes tolerant to salt stress under controlled conditions. Out of the 50 genotypes, 10, namely, BDN-708, AKTM 16-41, AKTE 16-09, JKM-7, TV-1, BDN-716, PT 0607-5-1, JKM-189, Phule Rajeshwary, BDN-711 and AKTE-12-04 were found to be tolerant to salt stress and rest were sensitive. The salt tolerant genotypes clustered together under UPGMA, indicating their genetic relatedness for the trait. The salt tolerant genotypes identified in this study would be useful in the development of a mapping population for mapping the salt stress, and breeding for high-yielding pigeonpea varieties with tolerance to salt stress.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47250536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The significance of polyploidy in the evolutionary process of plants history is well documented. In this concern, seed priming with colchicine as well as the cotton-swab method for polyploidy induction in plants becomes much acquainted in cytogenetic study. The aim of present study was to achieve chromosomal doubling by the application of colchicine to apical meristem of young seedlings. The young seedlings were treated with three different concentrations of colchicine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) for durations of 12, 24 and 36 h each. The colchiploidy with highest proportion approximately 50% with 2n=4x=32 was found at 0.2% concentration for 24 and 36 h. Autotetraploid enduring plants were identified with morphological and cytological variations such as thickness of leaf, larger stomata with low density, larger pollen, large flower etc. Buds were selected from these plants for the cytological study. Cytological analysis including chromosome counting demonstrated that the chromosome number was doubled. The confirmation of autotetraploid plants was achieved by this technique. Tetraploid plants were grown up to maturity and the harvested seeds were sown to establish the second generation which may be used in future breeding programme
{"title":"Induced polyploidization in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)","authors":"A. Srivastava, G. Kumar","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of polyploidy in the evolutionary process of plants history is well documented. In this concern, seed priming with colchicine as well as the cotton-swab method for polyploidy induction in plants becomes much acquainted in cytogenetic study. The aim of present study was to achieve chromosomal doubling by the application of colchicine to apical meristem of young seedlings. The young seedlings were treated with three different concentrations of colchicine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) for durations of 12, 24 and 36 h each. The colchiploidy with highest proportion approximately 50% with 2n=4x=32 was found at 0.2% concentration for 24 and 36 h. Autotetraploid enduring plants were identified with morphological and cytological variations such as thickness of leaf, larger stomata with low density, larger pollen, large flower etc. Buds were selected from these plants for the cytological study. Cytological analysis including chromosome counting demonstrated that the chromosome number was doubled. The confirmation of autotetraploid plants was achieved by this technique. Tetraploid plants were grown up to maturity and the harvested seeds were sown to establish the second generation which may be used in future breeding programme","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46503909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Baghery, S. Kazemitabar, A. Dehestani, Pooyan Mehrabanjoubani, Hamid Najaf Zarrini
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops of the world, particularly tropical areas. Its production issignificantly affected by drought stress. The present study was performed to assess the efficiency of existing criteria for the selectionof tolerant cultivars while evaluating sesame genotypes under drought conditions. Various agro-morphological traits along with somedrought tolerance indices were used to evaluate 15 sesame genotypes under drought conditions. A moderate to high heritability wasestimated for plant height (0.55), no. of capsules (0.72), capsule diameter (0.60), no. of seeds per capsule (0.43) and seed yield (0.53).On average, the seed yield of genotypes was reduced by 45% under water stress. Seed yield was significantly positively correlatedwith the no. of capsules, capsule diameter, and no. of seeds per capsule under both normal and drought conditions. The number ofcapsules and capsule diameter were suggested as potential criteria for indirect yield selection under drought stress. Chinese (G01), Naz Chand Shakhe (G05), and Darab1 (G04) genotypes were identified as the most tolerant based on the average ranking of indices. Stress/non-stress production index (SNPI), yield index (YI), and drought resistance index (DI) were suggested as the most efficient drought tolerance indices according to principal component analysis and correlations. The evaluation criteria proposed in this study can be used for efficient selection of drought-tolerant genotypes in sesame. Moreover, reported tolerant and sensitive genotypes can be used in future studies and breeding programs in sesame under drought stress.
{"title":"Assessment of agro-morphological traits and yield-based tolerance indices in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes under drought stress","authors":"M. Baghery, S. Kazemitabar, A. Dehestani, Pooyan Mehrabanjoubani, Hamid Najaf Zarrini","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops of the world, particularly tropical areas. Its production issignificantly affected by drought stress. The present study was performed to assess the efficiency of existing criteria for the selectionof tolerant cultivars while evaluating sesame genotypes under drought conditions. Various agro-morphological traits along with somedrought tolerance indices were used to evaluate 15 sesame genotypes under drought conditions. A moderate to high heritability wasestimated for plant height (0.55), no. of capsules (0.72), capsule diameter (0.60), no. of seeds per capsule (0.43) and seed yield (0.53).On average, the seed yield of genotypes was reduced by 45% under water stress. Seed yield was significantly positively correlatedwith the no. of capsules, capsule diameter, and no. of seeds per capsule under both normal and drought conditions. The number ofcapsules and capsule diameter were suggested as potential criteria for indirect yield selection under drought stress. Chinese (G01), Naz Chand Shakhe (G05), and Darab1 (G04) genotypes were identified as the most tolerant based on the average ranking of indices. Stress/non-stress production index (SNPI), yield index (YI), and drought resistance index (DI) were suggested as the most efficient drought tolerance indices according to principal component analysis and correlations. The evaluation criteria proposed in this study can be used for efficient selection of drought-tolerant genotypes in sesame. Moreover, reported tolerant and sensitive genotypes can be used in future studies and breeding programs in sesame under drought stress.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":"213 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41316761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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