中医穴位与经络的解剖学证据

F. Shukurov, S. Lee, I. D. Karomatov
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摘要

综述了经络系统和穴位的神经解剖学基础的相关研究现状和概念。它们存在的支持者尚未就如何在科学背景下发挥作用或进行测试达成任何共识。朝鲜平壤医科大学教授金凤汉发现了被称为“奉汉体”(现称“首节”)和“奉汉管”(现称“首脉”)的经络解剖结构,并将其命名为“奉汉系”。2010年,它被重新命名为第一血管系统(PVS),它存在于整个生物体中,包括血液和淋巴管。PVS是一种解剖结构,是一种流体在其中流动的管道网络。该系统由原血管和原淋巴结组成,分别对应针灸经络和穴位。因此,PVS可以作为中医穴位和经络的形态学基础;然而,由于针灸的神经解剖学基础尚未达成科学共识,因此需要进一步的形态学、生理学和临床研究来促进研究界内外对这一问题的更广泛的相互理解。
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ANATOMICAL EVIDENCE OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS AND THE MERIDIANS IN CHINESE TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
The review summarizes studies related to current issues and concepts of the neuroanatomic basis of the meridian system and acupuncture points. The proponents of their existence have not yet come to any consensus on how they might work or be tested in a scientific context. Kim Bonghan, a professor at Pyongyang Medical University of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, discovered the anatomical structure of meridian collaterals, which he called the Bonghan corpuscles (now known as primo nodes) and the the Bonghan ducts (primo vessels), and called it the Bonghan (Kyungrak) system. In 2010, it was renamed into the primo vascular system (PVS), which exists throughout the organism, including blood and lymph vessels. PVS is an anatomical structure being a network of ducts with fluid flowing in them. This system consists of primo-vessels and primo-nodes, corresponding to acupuncture meridians, and acupuncture points, respectively. Thus, the PVS can serve as a morphological substrate for acupuncture points and meridians of traditional Chinese medicine; however, since there is no scientific consensus on the neuroanatomical basis of acupuncture, further morphological, physiological, and clinical studies are needed to promote a broader mutual understanding of this issue in the research community and beyond.
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