Pub Date : 2023-07-31eCollection Date: 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1093/haschl/qxad031
Elle Pope, Neil Sehgal
Industry payments to US teaching hospitals are common; however, little is known about whether these financial relationships influence affiliated physicians to engage in similar financial relationships with industry. Using national hospital, physician, and industry payment data we investigated trends in industry payments made to US teaching hospitals and affiliated physicians to characterize the magnitude and nature of payments. In addition, we assessed if physicians may be influenced to accept higher value industry payments depending on the value of promotional payments accepted by the teaching hospital they affiliate with. We found that physicians with a US teaching hospital affiliation are associated with accepting higher value industry payments as the total value of industry payments of the teaching hospital increases. Our findings varied by specialty, with surgeons accepting the highest value payments. These results highlight the need for greater public disclosure and awareness of payments to better manage and mitigate industry-biased clinical decision making.
{"title":"Characterizing industry payments to US teaching hospitals and affiliated physicians: a cross-sectional analysis of the Open Payments datasets from 2016 to 2022.","authors":"Elle Pope, Neil Sehgal","doi":"10.1093/haschl/qxad031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/haschl/qxad031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Industry payments to US teaching hospitals are common; however, little is known about whether these financial relationships influence affiliated physicians to engage in similar financial relationships with industry. Using national hospital, physician, and industry payment data we investigated trends in industry payments made to US teaching hospitals and affiliated physicians to characterize the magnitude and nature of payments. In addition, we assessed if physicians may be influenced to accept higher value industry payments depending on the value of promotional payments accepted by the teaching hospital they affiliate with. We found that physicians with a US teaching hospital affiliation are associated with accepting higher value industry payments as the total value of industry payments of the teaching hospital increases. Our findings varied by specialty, with surgeons accepting the highest value payments. These results highlight the need for greater public disclosure and awareness of payments to better manage and mitigate industry-biased clinical decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":"qxad031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10986265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91301879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-248-259
D. Saydalieva, M. Dodkhoeva, R. A. Abdullaeva
In modern medicine suppurative diseases of puerperas are among the most significant medical and social problems of obstetrics, occupying a leading position in the structure of maternal morbidity and mortality throughout the world. High incidence, an upward trend, a growing number of cases of cesarean sections (CS), insufficient detection and registration, along with obstetric aggression characterize these formidable complications that can occur during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. According to the literature data, in spite of the high relevance of the problem, research on the incidence of postpartum purulent inflammatory complications, risk factors for their development, clinical picture, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, as well as the algorithm for managing patients with these complications in Tajikistan is scarce. Keywords: Postpartum period, postpartum infection, postpartum suppurative diseases, sepsis, risk factors for sepsis. For citation: Saydalieva DA, Dodkhoeva MF, Abdullaeva RA. Epidemiologiya i faktory riska razvitiya materinskogo sepsisa [Epid
在现代医学中，产褥期化脓性疾病是产科最重要的医学和社会问题之一，在全世界孕产妇发病率和死亡率的结构中占据主导地位。高发病率、上升趋势、剖宫产(CS)病例数量不断增加、检测和登记不足以及产科侵略是这些可能在怀孕期间或产后发生的可怕并发症的特征。文献资料显示，尽管该问题具有很高的相关性，但塔吉克斯坦对产后化脓性炎症并发症的发生率、发生的危险因素、临床表现、诊断、预防和治疗以及对这些并发症患者的管理算法的研究很少。关键词:产后，产后感染，产后化脓性疾病，脓毒症，脓毒症危险因素引文:Saydalieva DA, Dodkhoeva MF, Abdullaeva RA。流行病学:工厂风险与疾病预防与预防[j]
{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS FOR MATERNAL SEPSIS","authors":"D. Saydalieva, M. Dodkhoeva, R. A. Abdullaeva","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-248-259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-248-259","url":null,"abstract":"In modern medicine suppurative diseases of puerperas are among the most significant medical and social problems of obstetrics, occupying a leading position in the structure of maternal morbidity and mortality throughout the world. High incidence, an upward trend, a growing number of cases of cesarean sections (CS), insufficient detection and registration, along with obstetric aggression characterize these formidable complications that can occur during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. According to the literature data, in spite of the high relevance of the problem, research on the incidence of postpartum purulent inflammatory complications, risk factors for their development, clinical picture, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, as well as the algorithm for managing patients with these complications in Tajikistan is scarce. Keywords: Postpartum period, postpartum infection, postpartum suppurative diseases, sepsis, risk factors for sepsis. For citation: Saydalieva DA, Dodkhoeva MF, Abdullaeva RA. Epidemiologiya i faktory riska razvitiya materinskogo sepsisa [Epid","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69319489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-334-345
A.M. NAIMOV, A.A. RAZZOKOV, F.M. PARPIEV
Objective: To develop a reliable risk score prediction model to accurately predict the likelihood of lethal outcomes (LO) in severe acute composite tissue injuries (CTI) cases. Methods: We conducted an analysis of data from 3,186 patients with CTIs who were aged between 18 and 74. Of these patients, 2,432 were men (76.3%), and 754 were women (23.7%). The age distribution of patients was as follows: 2290 (71.9%) were between 18-44 years old, 638 (20.0%) were between 45-59 years old, and 258 (8.1%) were between 60-74 years old. The patients with CTIs were split into two groups based on their diagnosis and treatment. The study group consisted of 1669 patients (52.4%) who received optimized approaches considering the likelihood of developing LO. The control group included 1517 patients (47.6%) diagnosed and treated using traditional methods. LO were noted in 514 (16.1%) cases. To determine the risk factors (RFs) associated with LO, we analyzed the distribution of frequency variables between lethal and non-lethal outcomes. Results: The probability of developing LO in CTI was analyzed for statistical significance based on several RFs such as the patient's age, the presence of concomitant sub- and decompensated comorbid diseases, type and location of injury, severity of injuries, patient's state, and clinical forms of fat embolism syndrome (FES). Considering the identified RFs, a highly effective risk assessment scoring model for predicting the likelihood of developing LO in acute CTIs has been developed. Implementing optimized approaches and predicting the probability of developing LO significantly reduced fatality rates compared to traditional methods of diagnosis and treatment (13.5% and 18.5%, respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the testing results of the proposed scale with the significant decrease in LO observed in the study group, we highly recommend implementing these approaches in clinical practice.
{"title":"RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AND PREDICTING OUTCOMES IN SEVERE ACUTE COMPOSITE TISSUE INJURIES","authors":"A.M. NAIMOV, A.A. RAZZOKOV, F.M. PARPIEV","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-334-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-334-345","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop a reliable risk score prediction model to accurately predict the likelihood of lethal outcomes (LO) in severe acute composite tissue injuries (CTI) cases. Methods: We conducted an analysis of data from 3,186 patients with CTIs who were aged between 18 and 74. Of these patients, 2,432 were men (76.3%), and 754 were women (23.7%). The age distribution of patients was as follows: 2290 (71.9%) were between 18-44 years old, 638 (20.0%) were between 45-59 years old, and 258 (8.1%) were between 60-74 years old. The patients with CTIs were split into two groups based on their diagnosis and treatment. The study group consisted of 1669 patients (52.4%) who received optimized approaches considering the likelihood of developing LO. The control group included 1517 patients (47.6%) diagnosed and treated using traditional methods. LO were noted in 514 (16.1%) cases. To determine the risk factors (RFs) associated with LO, we analyzed the distribution of frequency variables between lethal and non-lethal outcomes. Results: The probability of developing LO in CTI was analyzed for statistical significance based on several RFs such as the patient's age, the presence of concomitant sub- and decompensated comorbid diseases, type and location of injury, severity of injuries, patient's state, and clinical forms of fat embolism syndrome (FES). Considering the identified RFs, a highly effective risk assessment scoring model for predicting the likelihood of developing LO in acute CTIs has been developed. Implementing optimized approaches and predicting the probability of developing LO significantly reduced fatality rates compared to traditional methods of diagnosis and treatment (13.5% and 18.5%, respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the testing results of the proposed scale with the significant decrease in LO observed in the study group, we highly recommend implementing these approaches in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-370-379
YU.V. BYKOV, A.A. MURAVYOVA
Objective: This review outlines the literature data on the main laboratory biomarkers of brain damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) type I and II. Neurospecific proteins: S-100 protein, neurospecific enolase, glial fibrillar acidic protein, myelin basic protein, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are considered specific markers of cerebral dysfunction in DM. Emphasis is placed on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein), as blood biomarkers, the increase of which indicates brain damage in DM type I and II. High concentrations of adipokines, inflammatory mediators of adipose tissue, are a reliable laboratory sign of brain damage in this endocrinopathy. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), as pathogenic metabolites of oxidative stress (OS), detected in blood in high concentration, can act as indicators of cognitive deficit in DM. Increased concentration of autoantibodies to some neuroreceptors (dopamine, glutamate) may serve as specific laboratory biomarkers of brain damage in DM type I. Further searches of new laboratory biomarkers of brain dysfunction are needed in order to improve the diagnosis of cerebral insufficiency in DM Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, biomarkers, brain damage, neurospecific proteins, adipokines.
{"title":"LABORATORY BIOMARKERS FOR BRAIN DAMAGE IN DIABETES MELLITUS","authors":"YU.V. BYKOV, A.A. MURAVYOVA","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-370-379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-370-379","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This review outlines the literature data on the main laboratory biomarkers of brain damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) type I and II. Neurospecific proteins: S-100 protein, neurospecific enolase, glial fibrillar acidic protein, myelin basic protein, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are considered specific markers of cerebral dysfunction in DM. Emphasis is placed on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein), as blood biomarkers, the increase of which indicates brain damage in DM type I and II. High concentrations of adipokines, inflammatory mediators of adipose tissue, are a reliable laboratory sign of brain damage in this endocrinopathy. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), as pathogenic metabolites of oxidative stress (OS), detected in blood in high concentration, can act as indicators of cognitive deficit in DM. Increased concentration of autoantibodies to some neuroreceptors (dopamine, glutamate) may serve as specific laboratory biomarkers of brain damage in DM type I. Further searches of new laboratory biomarkers of brain dysfunction are needed in order to improve the diagnosis of cerebral insufficiency in DM Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, biomarkers, brain damage, neurospecific proteins, adipokines.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135596190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-346-355
SH.A. YUSUPOV, L.R. KHAKIMOVA
Objective: To determine the genetic polymorphism associated with the development of urolithiasis (UL) in children of the Uzbek population. Methods: The study was conducted in the Specialized Children's Surgical Hospital of the Samarkand State Medical University between 2012 and 2019. In the first stage, a retrospective analysis of the case histories of 652 admitted patients was undertaken. In the second stage, 200 children aged 1 to 17 years were enrolled in the study, of which 100 were diagnosed with UL (main group), and 100 comprised the control group without UL (hospitalized for minor planned surgical interventions, such as circumcision or hernia repair). Immunogenetic studies of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), IL-1β, and IL-18 genes were carried out. Results: The obtained results indicate that polymorphism of the VDR and IL-1β genes plays an important role in susceptibility to UL. In the study groups, a statistically significant association of F/f+f/f genotypes of the VDR gene (Fok-1) with UL was found, which was 1.3 times more frequent in the main group than in the control one (p=0.033; χ2 =4.56). The C/C allele of the IL-1β gene was significantly more frequently detected in the main vs. control group (p=0.027; χ2 =7.23; df=2). The distribution of frequency of IL-18 (+105A/C) gene polymorphism for all models of inheritance was not statistically significantly different in the main and control groups (p>0.05; χ2 =3.93; df=2). Conclusion: : The role of the immunogenetic method in the detection of susceptibility to UL development was determined in the study of the distribution of polymorphic markers of the VDR and IL-1β genes, indicating the significance of the immunogenetic factors for the predisposition to UL in children of the Uzbek population which may predict the disease at its preclinical stage. Therefore, in the interests of the early diagnosis of UL in children of the Uzbek population, it is reasonable to include testing for FokI genotype and polymorphism of VDR and IL-1β genes in the complex program of examination.
{"title":"PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF IMMUNOGENETIC STUDIES FOR INCIDENCE OF UROLITHIASIS IN CHILDREN","authors":"SH.A. YUSUPOV, L.R. KHAKIMOVA","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-346-355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-346-355","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the genetic polymorphism associated with the development of urolithiasis (UL) in children of the Uzbek population. Methods: The study was conducted in the Specialized Children's Surgical Hospital of the Samarkand State Medical University between 2012 and 2019. In the first stage, a retrospective analysis of the case histories of 652 admitted patients was undertaken. In the second stage, 200 children aged 1 to 17 years were enrolled in the study, of which 100 were diagnosed with UL (main group), and 100 comprised the control group without UL (hospitalized for minor planned surgical interventions, such as circumcision or hernia repair). Immunogenetic studies of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), IL-1β, and IL-18 genes were carried out. Results: The obtained results indicate that polymorphism of the VDR and IL-1β genes plays an important role in susceptibility to UL. In the study groups, a statistically significant association of F/f+f/f genotypes of the VDR gene (Fok-1) with UL was found, which was 1.3 times more frequent in the main group than in the control one (p=0.033; χ2 =4.56). The C/C allele of the IL-1β gene was significantly more frequently detected in the main vs. control group (p=0.027; χ2 =7.23; df=2). The distribution of frequency of IL-18 (+105A/C) gene polymorphism for all models of inheritance was not statistically significantly different in the main and control groups (p>0.05; χ2 =3.93; df=2). Conclusion: : The role of the immunogenetic method in the detection of susceptibility to UL development was determined in the study of the distribution of polymorphic markers of the VDR and IL-1β genes, indicating the significance of the immunogenetic factors for the predisposition to UL in children of the Uzbek population which may predict the disease at its preclinical stage. Therefore, in the interests of the early diagnosis of UL in children of the Uzbek population, it is reasonable to include testing for FokI genotype and polymorphism of VDR and IL-1β genes in the complex program of examination.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-356-369
S.M. ABDULLOZODA, G.M. USMANOVA
Objective: Screening for overweight (OW) and obesity (OB), as well as possible risk factors (RFs) for their development among the adult population of Tajikistan in the context of pilot areas. Methods: OW and OB screening was conducted on 1304 participants (718 females, 586 males) with a mean age of 41.1±13.6 residing in Dushanbe and rural areas of Rudaki and Gissar districts (pilot areas) in the Republic of Tajikistan without prior randomization. Based on the anthropometric measurements taken, it was determined that the participants have OW and OB. All respondents gave voluntary written consent to participate in this screening program. Notably, the respondents received no financial or other rewards that could impact the study results. Results: Out of a total of 1,306 respondents, 74 (5.68%) were identified as underweight, with 33 males (5.63%) and 41 females (5.71%), p>0.05; 637 (48.85%) had normal body weight (NBW), with 338 males (57.67%) and 299 females (41.64%), p<0.001. OW was found in 330 respondents (25.3%) with 207 females (28.83%) and 123 males (20.98%), p<0.01; OB of various degrees was found in 263 respondents (20.17%) with 171 females (23.81%) and 92 males (15.69%), p<0.001. Among males, OB classes II and III were almost as common as among females, while OB class I was 3.7 times more prevalent in females (17.13% vs. 4.61%, p<0.001). The prevalence of OB class II was 5.01% and 0.34%, while OB class III was 4.09% and 1.67% in females and males, respectively (p>0.05). On average, waist circumference was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm in this cohort. The average waist circumference in this cohort was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm. OW was most often noted among residents of rural areas (n=308; 47.3%) compared with urban residents (n=285; 43.6%), p<0.001. A study comparing the occurrence of OW and OB between urban and rural residents found that the rural population had higher rates of both, with OW at 25.7% (p<0.001) and OB at 21.7%, compared to 24.9% (p<0.001) and 18.7% for the capital residents, respectively. Significant RFs for the development of OW and OB among the examined cohort include female gender, young age (18-44 years), smoking, frequent food consumption (more than 5 times a day), high intake of bakery products and sweets, a tendency to overeat upon breaking fasting during Ramadan, daily stress, and sedentary work. Conclusion: Screening results indicate that 45.5% of adults in the country are OW (25.3%) or OB (20.2%). OW mainly affects young and middle-aged men living in urban areas and young and middle-aged women in rural areas. The need to promote a healthy lifestyle, healthy eating, and physical activity among the population of Tajikistan is evident from the results. Keywords: Overweight, obesity, screening, risk factors.
{"title":"SCREENING FOR OBESITY IN TAJIKISTAN ADULT POPULATION: A PILOT PROJECT IN SELECTED DISTRICTS","authors":"S.M. ABDULLOZODA, G.M. USMANOVA","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-356-369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-356-369","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Screening for overweight (OW) and obesity (OB), as well as possible risk factors (RFs) for their development among the adult population of Tajikistan in the context of pilot areas. Methods: OW and OB screening was conducted on 1304 participants (718 females, 586 males) with a mean age of 41.1±13.6 residing in Dushanbe and rural areas of Rudaki and Gissar districts (pilot areas) in the Republic of Tajikistan without prior randomization. Based on the anthropometric measurements taken, it was determined that the participants have OW and OB. All respondents gave voluntary written consent to participate in this screening program. Notably, the respondents received no financial or other rewards that could impact the study results. Results: Out of a total of 1,306 respondents, 74 (5.68%) were identified as underweight, with 33 males (5.63%) and 41 females (5.71%), p>0.05; 637 (48.85%) had normal body weight (NBW), with 338 males (57.67%) and 299 females (41.64%), p<0.001. OW was found in 330 respondents (25.3%) with 207 females (28.83%) and 123 males (20.98%), p<0.01; OB of various degrees was found in 263 respondents (20.17%) with 171 females (23.81%) and 92 males (15.69%), p<0.001. Among males, OB classes II and III were almost as common as among females, while OB class I was 3.7 times more prevalent in females (17.13% vs. 4.61%, p<0.001). The prevalence of OB class II was 5.01% and 0.34%, while OB class III was 4.09% and 1.67% in females and males, respectively (p>0.05). On average, waist circumference was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm in this cohort. The average waist circumference in this cohort was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm. OW was most often noted among residents of rural areas (n=308; 47.3%) compared with urban residents (n=285; 43.6%), p<0.001. A study comparing the occurrence of OW and OB between urban and rural residents found that the rural population had higher rates of both, with OW at 25.7% (p<0.001) and OB at 21.7%, compared to 24.9% (p<0.001) and 18.7% for the capital residents, respectively. Significant RFs for the development of OW and OB among the examined cohort include female gender, young age (18-44 years), smoking, frequent food consumption (more than 5 times a day), high intake of bakery products and sweets, a tendency to overeat upon breaking fasting during Ramadan, daily stress, and sedentary work. Conclusion: Screening results indicate that 45.5% of adults in the country are OW (25.3%) or OB (20.2%). OW mainly affects young and middle-aged men living in urban areas and young and middle-aged women in rural areas. The need to promote a healthy lifestyle, healthy eating, and physical activity among the population of Tajikistan is evident from the results. Keywords: Overweight, obesity, screening, risk factors.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135596021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-431-440
S.M. SEHWEIL
Methods: The gold standard treatment for patients with cerebral infarction (CI) is intravenous thrombolysis, and it is superior to standard therapy in improving functional status. Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) is characterized by ischemic injury of 50% or more of the territory supplied by MCA, which, in turn, is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy. When patients are admitted to the hospital within the therapeutic window before identification of a hypodense lesion by computed tomography, detecting the MMCAI promptly is challenging. Consequently, these patients receive intravenous thrombolysis. The article describes a successful decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) in a patient with MMCAI following ineffective, uncomplicated intravenous thrombolysis. Keywords: Malignant ischemic stroke, middle cerebral arter, decompressive hemicraniectomy, thrombolysis.
{"title":"DECOMPRESSIVE HEMICRANIECTOMY AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS OF MALIGNANT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY INFARCTION: A CASE REPORT","authors":"S.M. SEHWEIL","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-431-440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-431-440","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: The gold standard treatment for patients with cerebral infarction (CI) is intravenous thrombolysis, and it is superior to standard therapy in improving functional status. Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) is characterized by ischemic injury of 50% or more of the territory supplied by MCA, which, in turn, is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy. When patients are admitted to the hospital within the therapeutic window before identification of a hypodense lesion by computed tomography, detecting the MMCAI promptly is challenging. Consequently, these patients receive intravenous thrombolysis. The article describes a successful decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) in a patient with MMCAI following ineffective, uncomplicated intravenous thrombolysis. Keywords: Malignant ischemic stroke, middle cerebral arter, decompressive hemicraniectomy, thrombolysis.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135595160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-271-277
S.SH. Musoev, S. Amonov, Z. Fayziev, M. Olimi
Hepatic echinococcosis (HE), also known as hydatid disease in humans, is a parasitic disease prevalent in countries with a developed animal husbandry industry. The parasite mainly impacts the liver and lungs of an individual and presents itself as a cyst. Severe complications of HE are suppuration, communicating rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts (HHC) into the abdominal or pleural (through the diaphragm) cavities, adjacent hollow organs, and bile ducts. In the latter case, the ducts are blocked by HHC elements with the development of obstructive jaundice (OJ). The article presents a rare clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with HHC, complicated by a communicating rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts into the biliary tract and the development of OJ. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPST), chitin coat extraction, and mechanical block elimination with biliary tract lavage. Keywords: Hepatic echinococcosis, communicating rupture into the bile ducts, obstructive jaundice, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, papillosphincterotomy, chitin coat extraction.
{"title":"ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF INTRABILIARY RUPTURE OF LIVER HYDATID CYST","authors":"S.SH. Musoev, S. Amonov, Z. Fayziev, M. Olimi","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-271-277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-271-277","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic echinococcosis (HE), also known as hydatid disease in humans, is a parasitic disease prevalent in countries with a developed animal husbandry industry. The parasite mainly impacts the liver and lungs of an individual and presents itself as a cyst. Severe complications of HE are suppuration, communicating rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts (HHC) into the abdominal or pleural (through the diaphragm) cavities, adjacent hollow organs, and bile ducts. In the latter case, the ducts are blocked by HHC elements with the development of obstructive jaundice (OJ). The article presents a rare clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with HHC, complicated by a communicating rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts into the biliary tract and the development of OJ. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPST), chitin coat extraction, and mechanical block elimination with biliary tract lavage. Keywords: Hepatic echinococcosis, communicating rupture into the bile ducts, obstructive jaundice, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, papillosphincterotomy, chitin coat extraction.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69319069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-260-270
M. Malikov, A. Davlatov, D. Dzhononov, M. Khaydarov, N. A. Makhmadkulova, G. D. Karim-zade
Objective: To improve the outcomes of surgical treatment of severe contractures, deformities, and lower limb (LL) soft tissue defects using optical magnification and precision techniques. Methods: 54 patients with sequelae of traumatic injury underwent surgical repair of severe contractures, deformities, and soft tissue defects of the LL. Contractures were accompanied by extended cicatricial deformities and soft tissue defects of the LL. Traumatic injuries often lead to sequelae in children, as observed in 39 patients. The leading causes of burn injuries were boiling water and hot oil. Results: Various types of Z-plasty were used in 29 (53.7%) cases to correct contracture and toe and foot deformities. Tailored surgeries were performed for severe injuries and extended cicatricial deformities with residual defects covered with skin grafts. Optical magnification with precision technique contributed to adequately mobilizing the fasciocutaneous flaps and the neurovascular bundle (NVB) release. By using ultrasonic dopplerography (USDG), it was possible to determine how the degree circulatory disorders in the affected LL is dependent on the duration between injury and presentation at our center, the severity of the contracture, and the size and depth of the soft tissue damage. Purulent wound infection and superficial partial necrosis of the fasciocutaneous flaps occurred in 3 and 5 patients, respectively Conclusion: In managing concomitant injuries, including assessing their extent, appropriately evaluating the initial severity of the trauma is essential. The evaluation requires using additional diagnostic methods and selecting the optimal reconstruction method. Optical magnification and precision techniques enable the effective mobilizing of fasciocutaneous flaps while preserving their blood supply. This leads to adequate mobilization and decompression of the NVB, effectively preventing NVB iatrogenic damage. Keywords: Lower limb, burn, contracture, deformity, soft tissue defect, local plastic surgery.
{"title":"REPAIR OF SEVERE POST-BURN CICATRICIAL CONTRACTURES AND DEFORMATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMB","authors":"M. Malikov, A. Davlatov, D. Dzhononov, M. Khaydarov, N. A. Makhmadkulova, G. D. Karim-zade","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-260-270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-2-260-270","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To improve the outcomes of surgical treatment of severe contractures, deformities, and lower limb (LL) soft tissue defects using optical magnification and precision techniques. Methods: 54 patients with sequelae of traumatic injury underwent surgical repair of severe contractures, deformities, and soft tissue defects of the LL. Contractures were accompanied by extended cicatricial deformities and soft tissue defects of the LL. Traumatic injuries often lead to sequelae in children, as observed in 39 patients. The leading causes of burn injuries were boiling water and hot oil. Results: Various types of Z-plasty were used in 29 (53.7%) cases to correct contracture and toe and foot deformities. Tailored surgeries were performed for severe injuries and extended cicatricial deformities with residual defects covered with skin grafts. Optical magnification with precision technique contributed to adequately mobilizing the fasciocutaneous flaps and the neurovascular bundle (NVB) release. By using ultrasonic dopplerography (USDG), it was possible to determine how the degree circulatory disorders in the affected LL is dependent on the duration between injury and presentation at our center, the severity of the contracture, and the size and depth of the soft tissue damage. Purulent wound infection and superficial partial necrosis of the fasciocutaneous flaps occurred in 3 and 5 patients, respectively Conclusion: In managing concomitant injuries, including assessing their extent, appropriately evaluating the initial severity of the trauma is essential. The evaluation requires using additional diagnostic methods and selecting the optimal reconstruction method. Optical magnification and precision techniques enable the effective mobilizing of fasciocutaneous flaps while preserving their blood supply. This leads to adequate mobilization and decompression of the NVB, effectively preventing NVB iatrogenic damage. Keywords: Lower limb, burn, contracture, deformity, soft tissue defect, local plastic surgery.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69319060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-325-333
T.V. KOVALENKO, M.A. LARIONOVA, L.M. MULLAKHMETOVA
Objective: To study the current epidemiological trends related to PD in children Methods: In 2015-2016, a cross-sectional one-stage study was conducted to examine the PD of children. The body height and weight were determined during the examination program using standardized equipment and accepted methodology. The Body Mass Index (BMI, Quetelet's index) was expressed in kg/m2 , along with SD values (standard deviation) for both height and BMI. We utilized BMI-for-age percentile growth charts. Results: : 9,662 children between the ages of 1 and 17 were assessed, with 49.7% boys and 50.3% girls. The sample was split equally between urban and rural areas, with 50.0% residing in each. The age distribution of the participants was divided into five age groups: 1-2 y/o (14.5%), 3-6 y/o (19.6%), 7-11 y/o (30.7%), 12-14 y/o (19.1%), and 15-17 y/o (16.1%). Of those surveyed, 65.8% had an average height, 19.0% were below average or short, and 15.2% were above average and tall. The height 2SD below and above the mean height for age and gender was found in 3.7% and 2.7% of children, respectively. Most below-average and low height values were found in early and preschool ages. In boys, gender characteristics were associated with more significant variations in heights towards low and high values. Research shows that children residing in urban areas tend to have better physical development than those in rural areas. Conclusion: Data have been gathered on the current PD of children, focusing on age, gender, and geographical factors.
{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONTEMPORARY PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN","authors":"T.V. KOVALENKO, M.A. LARIONOVA, L.M. MULLAKHMETOVA","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-325-333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2023-25-3-325-333","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the current epidemiological trends related to PD in children Methods: In 2015-2016, a cross-sectional one-stage study was conducted to examine the PD of children. The body height and weight were determined during the examination program using standardized equipment and accepted methodology. The Body Mass Index (BMI, Quetelet's index) was expressed in kg/m2 , along with SD values (standard deviation) for both height and BMI. We utilized BMI-for-age percentile growth charts. Results: : 9,662 children between the ages of 1 and 17 were assessed, with 49.7% boys and 50.3% girls. The sample was split equally between urban and rural areas, with 50.0% residing in each. The age distribution of the participants was divided into five age groups: 1-2 y/o (14.5%), 3-6 y/o (19.6%), 7-11 y/o (30.7%), 12-14 y/o (19.1%), and 15-17 y/o (16.1%). Of those surveyed, 65.8% had an average height, 19.0% were below average or short, and 15.2% were above average and tall. The height 2SD below and above the mean height for age and gender was found in 3.7% and 2.7% of children, respectively. Most below-average and low height values were found in early and preschool ages. In boys, gender characteristics were associated with more significant variations in heights towards low and high values. Research shows that children residing in urban areas tend to have better physical development than those in rural areas. Conclusion: Data have been gathered on the current PD of children, focusing on age, gender, and geographical factors.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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