小型矿床开采的重新方向:在整个系统背景下实现原材料供应安全的技术解决方案

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Resources, Conservation and Recycling: X Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rcrx.2020.100040
K R Moore , N Whyte , D Roberts , J Allwood , D R Leal-Ayala , G Bertrand , A J Bloodworth
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引用次数: 14

摘要

大规模开采低品位矿石是能源密集型的,而且会产生大量废物。它对生产数量相对较少的特种金属的适用性有限。通过限制开采高品位矿床来限制环境影响的方法需要调查小型矿床作为金属的替代来源。小额存款的投资回报与确保投资所需的昂贵调查和管理风险的高昂成本是不相容的。但是,能源和运输成本的增加可能会为具有高度竞争力的技术解决方案的小型矿床开采创造市场空间。可以说,小型矿藏开采是合乎道德的,因为它必须涉及矿业公司和当地居民之间的合作,他们对自己的生活质量有共同的期望和责任。然而,小型矿床开采往往是一项有限的短期举措,这需要考虑矿山的长期“来世”。这份手稿是五年来跨部门对话和利益攸关方参与活动的成果。它讨论了什么是小型矿床,并描述了采矿与制造业、投资、环境和社会之间的相互作用。报告得出的结论是,技术革新将支持小型矿床采矿的重新出现,使其成为多样化原材料生产部门的一个重要组成部分。我们不建议回到过去的方法,开采小型、高品位的矿床,而是考虑本地化、面向社区的采矿过程的替代叙述,从而为当今的需求提供社会、经济和环境背景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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The re-direction of small deposit mining: Technological solutions for raw materials supply security in a whole systems context

Large-scale mining of low-grade ores is energy-intensive and generates vast wastes. It has limited suitability for production of specialist metals that are required in relatively small quantities. An approach that limits environmental impact by restricting mining to high-grade deposits requires the investigation of small ore deposits as alternative sources of metals. The return on investment from small deposits is incompatible with the expensive surveys needed to secure investment and the high costs of managing risk. But increasing energy and transport costs may create space in the market for small-deposit mining with highly-competitive technological solutions. It can be argued that small-deposit mining is ethical because it must involve cooperation between mining companies and local residents who share a collective expectation and responsibility for their quality of life. However, small-deposit mining tends to be a limited, short-term initiative, which requires consideration of the extended ‘afterlife’ of mines. This manuscript is the culmination of five years of cross-sector dialogue and stakeholder engagement activities. It debates what constitutes a small deposit and describes the interactions between mining and manufacturing, investment, environment and society. It reaches the conclusion that technological innovations will support the re-emergence of small deposit mining as an important part of a diverse raw materials production sector. We do not suggest a return to past approaches, to mining of small, high-grade deposits, but a consideration of alternative narratives of localised, community-orientated mining processes, thus giving social, economic and environmental context to the needs of the present day.

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来源期刊
Resources, Conservation and Recycling: X
Resources, Conservation and Recycling: X Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics and Econometrics
CiteScore
14.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊最新文献
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