From coercion to cooperation: Urban governance and evolving modes of control in a Beijing village

This article analyzes evolving urban governance in contemporary China, highlighting contradictory outcomes originating from the coexistence of the technologies of pervasive control, socialist legacies of urban entitlements, and neoliberal strategies of self-government. Based on fieldwork among low-income migrant workers in a village located on Beijing's outskirts, I investigate how the grassroots administrative practices justified the continuing privileges of local residents and discrimination against newcomers, while the evolving governance projects a better future for every individual who is willing to exert themselves. The 2014 implementation of a Social Credit System was critical for this political agenda. It offered rewards and imposed punishments corresponding to the level of reliability indicated by credit scores, thereby urging migrants to “responsibly” manage their lives. The combination of high-tech surveillance and social credit demonstrates that the notion of “market socialism”, combined with neoliberal practices, has created a new system of social control in 21st-century China.