从初选到总统大选:2016年大选中的假新闻、错误记忆和态度变化

IF 1.8 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Social and Political Psychology Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI:10.5964/jspp.10203
R. Grady, P. Ditto, E. Loftus, L. Levine, R. Greenspan, Daniel P. Relihan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在一场有争议的初选中,人们可能会激烈地反对他们后来在大选中支持的候选人。人们如何调和这种潜在的矛盾态度?这项研究跟踪了602名从亚马逊机械土耳其人招募的美国公民,在2016年总统大选期间的三个时间点,调查了人们的态度和偏好如何随着时间的推移而变化,以及人们如何记住自己过去的感受。在各个政党中,人们对过去态度的记忆受到当前态度的强烈影响;更具体地说,那些改变了对候选人看法的人记得他们过去的态度比实际情况更像他们现在的态度。参与者还容易记住关于两位总统候选人的虚假新闻事件。然而,他们基本上没有意识到自己的记忆偏见,并拒绝接受自己可能容易受到这些偏见影响的可能性。不记得他们以前的态度可能会有助于支持以前不喜欢的候选人,并在不团结的时候通过忘记他们曾经不喜欢候选人来培养对政党提名人的忠诚。
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From primary to presidency: Fake news, false memory, and changing attitudes in the 2016 election
During a contentious primary campaign, people may argue passionately against a candidate they later support during the general election. How do people reconcile such potentially conflicting attitudes? This study followed 602 United States citizens, recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk, at three points throughout the 2016 presidential election investigating how attitudes and preferences changed over time and how people remembered their past feelings. Across political parties, people’s memory for their past attitudes was strongly influenced by their present attitudes; more specifically, those who had changed their opinion of a candidate remembered their past attitudes as being more like their current attitudes than they actually were. Participants were also susceptible to remembering false news events about both presidential candidates. However, they were largely unaware of their memory biases and rejected the possibility that they may have been susceptible to them. Not remembering their prior attitude may facilitate support of a previously disliked candidate and foster loyalty towards a party nominee during a time of disunity by forgetting they ever used to dislike the candidate.
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来源期刊
Journal of Social and Political Psychology
Journal of Social and Political Psychology Social Sciences-Sociology and Political Science
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
4.80%
发文量
43
审稿时长
40 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Social and Political Psychology (JSPP) is a peer-reviewed open-access journal (without author fees), published online. It publishes articles at the intersection of social and political psychology that substantially advance the understanding of social problems, their reduction, and the promotion of social justice. It also welcomes work that focuses on socio-political issues from related fields of psychology (e.g., peace psychology, community psychology, cultural psychology, environmental psychology, media psychology, economic psychology) and encourages submissions with interdisciplinary perspectives. JSPP is comprehensive and integrative in its approach. It publishes high-quality work from different epistemological, methodological, theoretical, and cultural perspectives and from different regions across the globe. It provides a forum for innovation, questioning of assumptions, and controversy and debate. JSPP aims to give creative impetuses for academic scholarship and for applications in education, policymaking, professional practice, and advocacy and social action. It intends to transcend the methodological and meta-theoretical divisions and paradigm clashes that characterize the field of social and political psychology, and to counterbalance the current overreliance on the hypothetico-deductive model of science, quantitative methodology, and individualistic explanations by also publishing work following alternative traditions (e.g., qualitative and mixed-methods research, participatory action research, critical psychology, social representations, narrative, and discursive approaches). Because it is published online, JSPP can avoid a bias against research that requires more space to be presented adequately.
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