墨西哥的考古学、土地所有权和土著居民的剥夺

IF 1.6 2区 历史学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Journal of Social Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI:10.1177/14696053221112608
Sam Holley-Kline
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,我研究了一个剥夺土地的案例,该案例使圣安东尼奥Ojital的土着托托纳克居民的土地成为El Tajín考古遗址的一部分。为此,我研究了2016年向墨西哥Comisión国民经济委员会(national de Derechos Humanos)提出的索赔失败的原因。与其说这是一个目的驱动的强占案例,或者是善意政策的意外后果,我认为最终原因是多元文化的认可,19世纪的土地改革,以及El Tajín考古研究的扩大。自由的土地改革通过登记和铭文带来了私有财产制度,El Tajín周围的托托纳克地主利用这一制度为自己的利益服务。随着El Tajín通过挖掘扩大,考古学家和土地所有者利用私有财产制度的空间概念来解决El Tajín的冲突。当一个大型考古项目出现时,由此产生的务实的调整最终会让土地所有者失望。最后,我主张对考古学和土地权属的历史和语境理解,以理解该学科与剥夺的各种关系。
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Archaeology, land tenure, and Indigenous dispossession in Mexico
In this paper, I examine a case of dispossession that made land belonging to Indigenous Totonac residents of San Antonio Ojital part of the archaeological site of El Tajín. To do so, I examine the failure of a 2016 claim made to Mexico’s Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos. Rather than this being a case of purpose-driven dispossession or an unintended consequence of well-meaning policies, I trace the ultimate causes to multicultural recognition, 19th-century land reforms, and the expansion of archaeological research in El Tajín. Liberal land reforms brought a private property regime into being through enrollment and inscription, and Totonac landowners around El Tajín used the regime to their benefit. As El Tajín expanded though excavation, archaeologists and landowners used the private property regime’s conception of space to address conflicts in El Tajín. The resulting pragmatic accommodations would ultimately fail landowners when an archaeological megaproject came in. Ultimately, I argue for an historical and contextual understanding of archaeology and land tenure to understand the discipline’s diverse relationships with dispossession.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: The Journal of Social Archaeology is a fully peer reviewed international journal that promotes interdisciplinary research focused on social approaches in archaeology, opening up new debates and areas of exploration. It engages with and contributes to theoretical developments from other related disciplines such as feminism, queer theory, postcolonialism, social geography, literary theory, politics, anthropology, cognitive studies and behavioural science. It is explicitly global in outlook with temporal parameters from prehistory to recent periods. As well as promoting innovative social interpretations of the past, it also encourages an exploration of contemporary politics and heritage issues.
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