南非Gauteng省Sterkfontein第5段和Swartkrans第1段的Oldowan组合的岩屑生产策略

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2017-12-07 DOI:10.1163/21915784-12340001
M. Caruana
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引用次数: 12

摘要

Sterkfontein成员5 East(Oldowan填充物)和Swartkrans成员1(下岸)代表了南部非洲Oldowan人工制品的最大浓度,但在原材料使用和类型频率方面差异很大。虽然先前的研究已经详细描述了这些差异,但问题仍然是这种可变性的原因和影响。为了提高这一问题的解决方案,本研究采用定量方法调查这些地点的石质生产策略。结果扩展了先前关于原材料使用和磨削方法差异的发现,以及这些模式与核心还原和薄片生产的关系。这些模式的解释侧重于石器生产效率和速度之间的二分法,这与之前的解释不同。因此,这些组件之间的可变性可能更多地与该地区早期人类的流动模式和工具使用的即时需求有关。Sterkfontein的成员5 EST(“Oldowan Infill”)和Swartkrans的成员1(“Lower Bank”)共同交付了南非已知最大的Oldowan文物收藏。然而,这两个矿床的组合在类型学上和使用的石器原料方面都有很大的变化。尽管这些差异在以前的工作中已经描述过,但关于这种可变性的起源及其影响,仍然存在一些问题。为了提高我们对这些问题的理解,本研究实施了一种定量方法,以研究这两个地点的石质生产策略。我们的结果发展了之前获得的关于石器原料使用差异、尺寸方法以及这些选择、核还原策略和碎片生产之间的联系的结果。这些石器生产模型在很大程度上可以解释为效率和速度之间的二分法——这一点与之前提出的解释不同。因此,这两组人之间的变异性可以与该地区早期人类的流动模式和使用即时工具的需要有关。这篇文章是英文的。
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Lithic Production Strategies in the Oldowan Assemblages from Sterkfontein Member 5 and Swartkrans Member 1, Gauteng Province, South Africa
Sterkfontein Member 5 East (Oldowan Infill) and Swartkrans Member 1 (Lower Bank) represent the largest concentrations of Oldowan artefacts in southern Africa, and yet they vary significantly in terms of raw material use and typological frequencies. While previous research has described these differences in detail, questions remain as to the cause and implications of this variability. To increase resolution on this matter, this study implements quantitative methods to investigate lithic production strategies at these sites. Results expand upon previous findings concerning differences in raw material use and knapping methods and how these patterns relate to core reduction and flake production. Explanations for these patterns focus on a dichotomy between efficiency and expediency in lithic production, which differ from previous interpretations. As such, variability between these assemblages may relate more to mobility patterns in early hominins within this region and immediate needs for tool use.Le Membre 5 Est (“Oldowan Infill”) de Sterkfontein et le Membre 1 (« Lower Bank ») de Swartkrans ont livre a eux deux la plus importante collection d’artefacts Oldowayens connue d’Afrique du Sud. Pourtant, les ensembles provenant de ces deux gisements presentent des variations considerables, a la fois typologiquement parlant et en termes de matieres premieres lithiques utilisees. Bien que ces differences aient ete decrites dans des travaux anterieurs, certaines questions demeurent quant a l’origine de cette variabilite et ses implications. Afin d’ameliorer notre comprehension de ces questions, l’etude presentee ici met en œuvre une approche quantitative permettant d’etudier les strategies de production lithique sur ces deux sites. Nos resultats developpent ceux precedemment obtenus sur les differences dans l’utilisation des matieres premieres lithiques, les methodes de taille ainsi que le lien entre ces choix, les strategies de reduction des nucleus et la production d’eclats. Ces modeles de production lithique s’expliquent en grande partie par une dichotomie entre efficacite d’une part et rapidite d’autre part – un point qui differe des interpretations precedemment proposees. La variabilite entre ces deux ensembles pourrait ainsi etre rapportee a des schemas de mobilite des premiers hominines dans cette region et a des besoins d’utilisation d’outils immediats.This article is in English.
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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