Delay: The Next “D” Factor in Travel Behavior?

Empirical research on the impact of congestion on travel behavior remains limited. This study fills this gap using a comprehensive analytical framework, an improved time-related travel delay measure, structure equation modeling, and the disaggregated household survey data for the Puget Sound Region. The results indicate that travel time delay is associated with fewer household vehicles, fewer vehicle trips, and lower vehicle miles traveled. The findings confirm the intricate impacts of the travel time delay, reinforce the importance of the “D” factors in travel behavior, and point to the need for comprehensive solutions to travel demand management.