Recent Developments in the use of Composites for Knee Cap Prosthetics

: Common knee injuries are ligament tear, meniscus injuries, knee cap fracture and muscle strains. The prodrome stage includes pain, swelling, and difficulty in walking. Ligament swelling occurs due to the overuse of ligaments in particular exercises (such as running, jumping, or walking). Osteoarthritis is one of the most famous joint inflammations affecting the knee and usually requires treatment. Total knee arthroplasty (total knee arthroplasty) is a safe and inexpensive treatment for patients with end-stage arthralgia, with a survival rate of up to 80%. However, partial knee arthroplasty including kneecap replacement is found to be more effective because it is a less invasive medical procedure that requires reconstruction of the knee, the back and the front of the femur. Advances such as Freeman-Swanson’s prosthetic pre-prosthesis (1970) and Kodak-Yamamoto prosthesis (1970) determined future plans, but the original form did not consider the pat bone. In recent years, new manufacturing strategies and new materials have improved the design of kneecap prostheses. Now, it can treat inflammation in both partial and total knee arthroplasty. The use of composite materials for prostheses is increasing at an unprecedented rate. The materials used for such prostheses should not be harmful, chemically and biologically stable, and they should have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand physiological stress. Each type of prosthesis produced is manufactured taking into account the individual needs of each customer. This article summarizes the development of composite materials, design strategies and in-depth research on the development and application of kneecap prostheses.