W. Watters, A. Loeb, F. Laukien, Richard Cloete, A. Delacroix, Sergei Dobroshinsky, Benjamin Horvath, Ezra Kelderman, Sarah Little, Eric Masson, Andy Mead, M. Randall, Forrest Schultz, Matthew Szenher, F. Vervelidou, Abigail White, A. Ahlstrom, Carol Cleland, S. Dockal, N. Donahue, Mark Elowitz, Carson Ezell, Alex Gersznowicz, Nicholas Gold, Michael G. Hercz, E. Keto, K. Knuth, A. Lux, G. Melnick, A. Moro-Martin, J. Martín‐Torres, Daniel Llusa Ribes, P. Sail, M. Teodorani, J. Tedesco, Gerald Thomas Tedesco, M. Tu, M. Zorzano
{"title":"利用多模式地面观测站对不明空中现象(UAP)进行科学调查","authors":"W. Watters, A. Loeb, F. Laukien, Richard Cloete, A. Delacroix, Sergei Dobroshinsky, Benjamin Horvath, Ezra Kelderman, Sarah Little, Eric Masson, Andy Mead, M. Randall, Forrest Schultz, Matthew Szenher, F. Vervelidou, Abigail White, A. Ahlstrom, Carol Cleland, S. Dockal, N. Donahue, Mark Elowitz, Carson Ezell, Alex Gersznowicz, Nicholas Gold, Michael G. Hercz, E. Keto, K. Knuth, A. Lux, G. Melnick, A. Moro-Martin, J. Martín‐Torres, Daniel Llusa Ribes, P. Sail, M. Teodorani, J. Tedesco, Gerald Thomas Tedesco, M. Tu, M. Zorzano","doi":"10.1142/S2251171723400068","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"(Abridged) Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) have resisted explanation and have received little formal scientific attention for 75 years. A primary objective of the Galileo Project is to build an integrated software and instrumentation system designed to conduct a multimodal census of aerial phenomena and to recognize anomalies. Here we present key motivations for the study of UAP and address historical objections to this research. We describe an approach for highlighting outlier events in the high-dimensional parameter space of our census measurements. We provide a detailed roadmap for deciding measurement requirements, as well as a science traceability matrix (STM) for connecting sought-after physical parameters to observables and instrument requirements. We also discuss potential strategies for deciding where to locate instruments for development, testing, and final deployment. Our instrument package is multimodal and multispectral, consisting of (1) wide-field cameras in multiple bands for targeting and tracking of aerial objects and deriving their positions and kinematics using triangulation; (2) narrow-field instruments including cameras for characterizing morphology, spectra, polarimetry, and photometry; (3) passive multistatic arrays of antennas and receivers for radar-derived range and kinematics; (4) radio spectrum analyzers to measure radio and microwave emissions; (5) microphones for sampling acoustic emissions in the infrasonic through ultrasonic frequency bands; and (6) environmental sensors for characterizing ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind velocity), as well as quasistatic electric and magnetic fields, and energetic particles. The use of multispectral instruments and multiple sensor modalities will help to ensure that artifacts are recognized and that true detections are corroborated and verifiable.","PeriodicalId":45132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Scientific Investigation of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Using Multimodal Ground-based Observatories\",\"authors\":\"W. Watters, A. Loeb, F. Laukien, Richard Cloete, A. Delacroix, Sergei Dobroshinsky, Benjamin Horvath, Ezra Kelderman, Sarah Little, Eric Masson, Andy Mead, M. Randall, Forrest Schultz, Matthew Szenher, F. Vervelidou, Abigail White, A. Ahlstrom, Carol Cleland, S. Dockal, N. Donahue, Mark Elowitz, Carson Ezell, Alex Gersznowicz, Nicholas Gold, Michael G. Hercz, E. Keto, K. Knuth, A. Lux, G. Melnick, A. Moro-Martin, J. Martín‐Torres, Daniel Llusa Ribes, P. Sail, M. Teodorani, J. Tedesco, Gerald Thomas Tedesco, M. Tu, M. Zorzano\",\"doi\":\"10.1142/S2251171723400068\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"(Abridged) Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) have resisted explanation and have received little formal scientific attention for 75 years. A primary objective of the Galileo Project is to build an integrated software and instrumentation system designed to conduct a multimodal census of aerial phenomena and to recognize anomalies. Here we present key motivations for the study of UAP and address historical objections to this research. We describe an approach for highlighting outlier events in the high-dimensional parameter space of our census measurements. We provide a detailed roadmap for deciding measurement requirements, as well as a science traceability matrix (STM) for connecting sought-after physical parameters to observables and instrument requirements. We also discuss potential strategies for deciding where to locate instruments for development, testing, and final deployment. Our instrument package is multimodal and multispectral, consisting of (1) wide-field cameras in multiple bands for targeting and tracking of aerial objects and deriving their positions and kinematics using triangulation; (2) narrow-field instruments including cameras for characterizing morphology, spectra, polarimetry, and photometry; (3) passive multistatic arrays of antennas and receivers for radar-derived range and kinematics; (4) radio spectrum analyzers to measure radio and microwave emissions; (5) microphones for sampling acoustic emissions in the infrasonic through ultrasonic frequency bands; and (6) environmental sensors for characterizing ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind velocity), as well as quasistatic electric and magnetic fields, and energetic particles. The use of multispectral instruments and multiple sensor modalities will help to ensure that artifacts are recognized and that true detections are corroborated and verifiable.\",\"PeriodicalId\":45132,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251171723400068\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2251171723400068","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Scientific Investigation of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Using Multimodal Ground-based Observatories
(Abridged) Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) have resisted explanation and have received little formal scientific attention for 75 years. A primary objective of the Galileo Project is to build an integrated software and instrumentation system designed to conduct a multimodal census of aerial phenomena and to recognize anomalies. Here we present key motivations for the study of UAP and address historical objections to this research. We describe an approach for highlighting outlier events in the high-dimensional parameter space of our census measurements. We provide a detailed roadmap for deciding measurement requirements, as well as a science traceability matrix (STM) for connecting sought-after physical parameters to observables and instrument requirements. We also discuss potential strategies for deciding where to locate instruments for development, testing, and final deployment. Our instrument package is multimodal and multispectral, consisting of (1) wide-field cameras in multiple bands for targeting and tracking of aerial objects and deriving their positions and kinematics using triangulation; (2) narrow-field instruments including cameras for characterizing morphology, spectra, polarimetry, and photometry; (3) passive multistatic arrays of antennas and receivers for radar-derived range and kinematics; (4) radio spectrum analyzers to measure radio and microwave emissions; (5) microphones for sampling acoustic emissions in the infrasonic through ultrasonic frequency bands; and (6) environmental sensors for characterizing ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind velocity), as well as quasistatic electric and magnetic fields, and energetic particles. The use of multispectral instruments and multiple sensor modalities will help to ensure that artifacts are recognized and that true detections are corroborated and verifiable.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation (JAI) publishes papers describing instruments and components being proposed, developed, under construction and in use. JAI also publishes papers that describe facility operations, lessons learned in design, construction, and operation, algorithms and their implementations, and techniques, including calibration, that are fundamental elements of instrumentation. The journal focuses on astronomical instrumentation topics in all wavebands (Radio to Gamma-Ray) and includes the disciplines of Heliophysics, Space Weather, Lunar and Planetary Science, Exoplanet Exploration, and Astroparticle Observation (cosmic rays, cosmic neutrinos, etc.). Concepts, designs, components, algorithms, integrated systems, operations, data archiving techniques and lessons learned applicable but not limited to the following platforms are pertinent to this journal. Example topics are listed below each platform, and it is recognized that many of these topics are relevant to multiple platforms. Relevant platforms include: Ground-based observatories[...] Stratospheric aircraft[...] Balloons and suborbital rockets[...] Space-based observatories and systems[...] Landers and rovers, and other planetary-based instrument concepts[...]