利用多模式地面观测站对不明空中现象(UAP)进行科学调查

IF 1.5 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI:10.1142/S2251171723400068
W. Watters, A. Loeb, F. Laukien, Richard Cloete, A. Delacroix, Sergei Dobroshinsky, Benjamin Horvath, Ezra Kelderman, Sarah Little, Eric Masson, Andy Mead, M. Randall, Forrest Schultz, Matthew Szenher, F. Vervelidou, Abigail White, A. Ahlstrom, Carol Cleland, S. Dockal, N. Donahue, Mark Elowitz, Carson Ezell, Alex Gersznowicz, Nicholas Gold, Michael G. Hercz, E. Keto, K. Knuth, A. Lux, G. Melnick, A. Moro-Martin, J. Martín‐Torres, Daniel Llusa Ribes, P. Sail, M. Teodorani, J. Tedesco, Gerald Thomas Tedesco, M. Tu, M. Zorzano
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引用次数: 1

摘要

(节录)75年来,不明空中现象(UAP)一直难以得到解释,也很少得到正式的科学关注。伽利略项目的一个主要目标是建立一个集成的软件和仪器系统,用于对空中现象进行多模态普查并识别异常。在这里,我们提出了UAP研究的主要动机,并解决了历史上对这项研究的反对意见。我们描述了一种在我们的普查测量的高维参数空间中突出异常事件的方法。我们提供详细的路线图来决定测量需求,以及科学可追溯性矩阵(STM),用于将受欢迎的物理参数与可观测值和仪器要求联系起来。我们还讨论了决定在哪里定位用于开发、测试和最终部署的仪器的潜在策略。我们的仪器包是多模态和多光谱的,包括:(1)多波段的宽视场相机,用于瞄准和跟踪空中物体,并使用三角测量法获得它们的位置和运动学;(2)窄视场仪器,包括用于表征形貌、光谱、偏振法和光度法的照相机;(3)用于雷达衍生距离和运动学的无源多静态天线和接收机阵列;(四)无线电频谱分析仪,用于测量无线电和微波发射;(5)通过超声波频段对次声发射进行采样的传声器;(6)用于表征环境条件(温度、压力、湿度和风速)、准静态电场和磁场以及高能粒子的环境传感器。多光谱仪器和多种传感器模式的使用将有助于确保识别人工制品,并证实和核实真实的检测结果。
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The Scientific Investigation of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Using Multimodal Ground-based Observatories
(Abridged) Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) have resisted explanation and have received little formal scientific attention for 75 years. A primary objective of the Galileo Project is to build an integrated software and instrumentation system designed to conduct a multimodal census of aerial phenomena and to recognize anomalies. Here we present key motivations for the study of UAP and address historical objections to this research. We describe an approach for highlighting outlier events in the high-dimensional parameter space of our census measurements. We provide a detailed roadmap for deciding measurement requirements, as well as a science traceability matrix (STM) for connecting sought-after physical parameters to observables and instrument requirements. We also discuss potential strategies for deciding where to locate instruments for development, testing, and final deployment. Our instrument package is multimodal and multispectral, consisting of (1) wide-field cameras in multiple bands for targeting and tracking of aerial objects and deriving their positions and kinematics using triangulation; (2) narrow-field instruments including cameras for characterizing morphology, spectra, polarimetry, and photometry; (3) passive multistatic arrays of antennas and receivers for radar-derived range and kinematics; (4) radio spectrum analyzers to measure radio and microwave emissions; (5) microphones for sampling acoustic emissions in the infrasonic through ultrasonic frequency bands; and (6) environmental sensors for characterizing ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind velocity), as well as quasistatic electric and magnetic fields, and energetic particles. The use of multispectral instruments and multiple sensor modalities will help to ensure that artifacts are recognized and that true detections are corroborated and verifiable.
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来源期刊
Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation
Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation (JAI) publishes papers describing instruments and components being proposed, developed, under construction and in use. JAI also publishes papers that describe facility operations, lessons learned in design, construction, and operation, algorithms and their implementations, and techniques, including calibration, that are fundamental elements of instrumentation. The journal focuses on astronomical instrumentation topics in all wavebands (Radio to Gamma-Ray) and includes the disciplines of Heliophysics, Space Weather, Lunar and Planetary Science, Exoplanet Exploration, and Astroparticle Observation (cosmic rays, cosmic neutrinos, etc.). Concepts, designs, components, algorithms, integrated systems, operations, data archiving techniques and lessons learned applicable but not limited to the following platforms are pertinent to this journal. Example topics are listed below each platform, and it is recognized that many of these topics are relevant to multiple platforms. Relevant platforms include: Ground-based observatories[...] Stratospheric aircraft[...] Balloons and suborbital rockets[...] Space-based observatories and systems[...] Landers and rovers, and other planetary-based instrument concepts[...]
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