{"title":"巴塞罗那酿酒业的技术现代化和商业变革,1870-1913。钱德勒方法","authors":"X. Barber","doi":"10.1344/RHI.V26I67.18189","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The start of the production of bottom-fermented beer in Barcelona, at the beginning of the 1870s, resulted in a drink with organoleptic characteristics that made it more popular: less alcohol and more frothy and transparent than the top-fermented beer made until then. Its production resulted in greater investment in new technologies, including the production of artificial refrigeration, which led to a marked increase in fixed costs. This meant, on the one hand, external financing requirements. Furthermore, it encouraged the development of partnership strategies due to overproduction. Finally, launched mergers appeared, motivated by the emergence of economies of scale and leading to the formation of an oligopoly in 1910. These strategies, used to consolidate a new structure in the Barcelona brewing industry, have many points in common with the principles of big business enunciated by Chandler.","PeriodicalId":44226,"journal":{"name":"Revista De Historia Industrial","volume":"26 1","pages":"69-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Modernización tecnológica y cambio empresarial en la industria cervecera barcelonesa, 1870-1913. Un enfoque chandleriano\",\"authors\":\"X. Barber\",\"doi\":\"10.1344/RHI.V26I67.18189\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The start of the production of bottom-fermented beer in Barcelona, at the beginning of the 1870s, resulted in a drink with organoleptic characteristics that made it more popular: less alcohol and more frothy and transparent than the top-fermented beer made until then. Its production resulted in greater investment in new technologies, including the production of artificial refrigeration, which led to a marked increase in fixed costs. This meant, on the one hand, external financing requirements. Furthermore, it encouraged the development of partnership strategies due to overproduction. Finally, launched mergers appeared, motivated by the emergence of economies of scale and leading to the formation of an oligopoly in 1910. These strategies, used to consolidate a new structure in the Barcelona brewing industry, have many points in common with the principles of big business enunciated by Chandler.\",\"PeriodicalId\":44226,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Revista De Historia Industrial\",\"volume\":\"26 1\",\"pages\":\"69-94\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2017-12-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Revista De Historia Industrial\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1344/RHI.V26I67.18189\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"历史学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"BUSINESS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista De Historia Industrial","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1344/RHI.V26I67.18189","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BUSINESS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Modernización tecnológica y cambio empresarial en la industria cervecera barcelonesa, 1870-1913. Un enfoque chandleriano
The start of the production of bottom-fermented beer in Barcelona, at the beginning of the 1870s, resulted in a drink with organoleptic characteristics that made it more popular: less alcohol and more frothy and transparent than the top-fermented beer made until then. Its production resulted in greater investment in new technologies, including the production of artificial refrigeration, which led to a marked increase in fixed costs. This meant, on the one hand, external financing requirements. Furthermore, it encouraged the development of partnership strategies due to overproduction. Finally, launched mergers appeared, motivated by the emergence of economies of scale and leading to the formation of an oligopoly in 1910. These strategies, used to consolidate a new structure in the Barcelona brewing industry, have many points in common with the principles of big business enunciated by Chandler.