从亚兹德到孟买——Ardeshir Mehrabān‘Irani’与波斯十九世纪琐罗亚斯德教商人的崛起

IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI:10.1017/s1356186322000633
Nasser Mohajer, K. Yazdani
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文首先考察了19世纪亚兹德的商业结构,重点是其琐罗亚斯德教居民的经济活动。接下来,我们考察了Mehrabān家族,认为他们是波斯从前资本主义生产模式向早期资本主义生产模式过渡的中间人物。在整个19世纪中后期,Mehrabān人是重要的社会经济参与者,也是后代繁荣、世俗的伊朗琐罗亚斯德教徒的先驱。阿尔德希尔尤其代表了伊朗资产阶级在波斯城市中心,特别是亚兹德的逐渐崛起。与此同时,Mehrabān家族杰出成员的崛起与他们在孟买的教育、“文化资本”、社会经济联系和商业风险,以及他们在波斯和印度不断发展的政治影响力密切相关。
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From Yazd to Bombay—Ardeshir Mehrabān ‘Irani’ and the rise of Persia's nineteenth-century Zoroastrian merchants
This article begins by surveying the commercial structure of nineteenth-century Yazd, centring on the economic activities of its Zoroastrian inhabitants. Next, we examine the house of Mehrabān, arguing that they were intermediate figures in Persia's transition from a pre-capitalist to an inchoate capitalist mode of production. Throughout the mid- to late nineteenth century, the Mehrabāns were significant socio-economic players and precursors for later generations of prosperous, worldly Iranian Zoroastrians. Ardeshir in particular epitomised the gradual emergence of an Iranian bourgeoisie in the urban centres of Persia, specifically Yazd. Concurrently, the rise of prominent members of the Mehrabān family was intimately related to their education, ‘cultural capital’, socio-economic connections, and business ventures in Bombay as well as their constantly developing political clout in Persia and India.
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