在保护人口数据方面建立独立监测机构的构想

Daffa Ladro Kusworo, Andre Arya Pratama, Maghfira Nur Khaliza Fauzi, M. Shafira
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摘要

数字化转型的进程需要努力保护个人数据,作为个人权利的保障,以克服大量的数据泄露和滥用案例,其中之一就是人口数据。政府根据1945年《宪法》第28 G条所作努力的具体化是通过向所有机构,包括国家和私人机构提供人口数据以进行数据核查来实现的。此外,数据用户方有义务实施零数据共享政策,其中规定禁止与第三方传播或共享人口数据。然而,各种基本因素受到与个人数据类别相关的法律保护的有限方面以及数据所有者与用户之间的权限的影响,这使得制定现行的个人数据保护条例势在必行。此外,为了确保这些条例的执行,必须建立一个独立的监督机构,因为他们的职责和权力与政府保护人口数据的努力是一致的。本研究采用规范性的法律研究方法,结合立法与文献研究的方法,运用描述性的分析方法,运用演绎法对定性数据进行管理。研究结果表明,法律保障的需要必须伴随着根据欧盟通用数据保护条例(EU GDPR)的标准化建立独立监督机构的最佳监督要素。它的独立地位将防止各方为了某些利益而进行干预。在功能上,通过调查权和集体权利作为人权保障的概念来优化零数据共享政策的实施被认为是适当的。
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Conception of an Independent Surveillance Authority in the Efforts to Protect Population Data
The progress of digital transformation requires efforts to protect personal data as a guarantee of individual rights to overcome the large number of cases of data leakage and misuse, one of which is population data. The concretization of the government's efforts based on Article 28 G of the 1945 Constitution is realized through providing access to population data to all institutions, both state and private institutions for data verification. In addition, there is an obligation for data user parties to implement a Zero Data Sharing Policy with provisions prohibiting the dissemination or sharing of population data with third parties. However, various basic factors are influenced by the limited aspects of legal protection related to the class of personal data, and the authority between the data owner and the user, which makes it imperative to enact the current regulation on personal data protection. In addition, the establishment of an Independent Surveillance Authority is a must in ensuring the implementation of these regulations, because their duties and authorities are in line with the government's efforts in protecting population data. This study uses a normative legal research method with an approach to legislation and literature study, and uses descriptive analysis in managing qualitative data by applying a deductive method. The results of the study indicate that the need for legal guarantees must be accompanied by an element of optimal supervision through the establishment of an Independent Surveillance Authority in accordance with the standardization of the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR). Its independent position will prevent intervention from various parties for certain interests. Functionally, it is considered appropriate in optimizing the implementation of the Zero Data Sharing Policy through the conception of investigative authority and collective rights as a guarantee of human rights.
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