回来时身无分文?菲律宾境内的回返移民、重返社会和跨国社会保护

Kidjie Saguin
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引用次数: 9

摘要

尽管多年来挣得比在菲律宾多,但大多数海外菲律宾工人(ofw)回国时还是身无分文。菲律宾移民工人的这种不良储蓄行为归因于他们不愿储蓄。本文试图利用跨国主义理论来更好地理解这种行为,探讨农民工如何为他们的最终回归做准备,以及这些策略如何影响留守家庭。从跨国主义的角度来看回返移徙,这种不良的储蓄行为可归因于外劳正在经历的对回返空间的不断重新谈判过程。通过对当前菲律宾家庭服务工作者(HSW)的访谈得出的定性信息,本文发现菲律宾移民工人倾向于将其收入用于重新融入社会,而不是财务准备。他们没有为自己的退休生活储蓄,而是利用自己的收入,通过汇款和定期探亲等跨国做法,在家庭中开辟出回国的空间。重新融入社会政策将移徙工人视为经济上活跃、具有创业精神的回返者,这与这种对回返的想象背道而驰,因此在为回返的移徙者提供社会保护方面只取得了适度的成功。
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Returning broke and broken? Return migration, reintegration and transnational social protection in the Philippines
ABSTRACT Most overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) return home broke despite years of earning more than what they can in the Philippines. This poor saving behaviour among Filipino migrant workers has been attributed to their unwillingness to save. This paper attempts to better understand this behaviour using the theory of transnationalism by exploring how migrant workers prepare for their eventual return and how these strategies affect the family left behind. With return migration viewed from a transnationalist perspective, the poor saving behaviour can be attributed to the continuous process of renegotiation of space for return being experienced by OFWs. Using qualitative information derived from interviews with current Filipina household service workers (HSW), the paper finds that Filipina migrant workers tend to use their income for social reintegration rather financial preparation. Instead of saving for their own retirement, they use their earnings to carve out the space for their return within their families through transnational practices such as sending remittances and regular visits. The reintegration policies treat migrant workers as economically active, entrepreneurial returnee that goes against this imagination of return, thus, only moderately successful in providing social protection for return migrants.
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