综述银杏叶诱导的毒性,从实验研究到人类病例报告

IF 1.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI:10.1080/10590501.2016.1278298
N. Mei, Xiaoqing Guo, Zhen Ren, Daisuke Kobayashi, K. Wada, Lei Guo
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引用次数: 101

摘要

银杏种子和叶子作为一种传统的草药已有几千年的历史,其叶子提取物作为一种植物性膳食补充剂已被食用了几十年。银杏叶提取物是一种复杂的混合物,含有许多成分,包括黄酮醇苷和萜烯内酯,是世界上最畅销的植物性膳食补充剂之一。由于人类广泛接触银杏叶及其对啮齿动物的潜在毒性和致癌性,人们对普通人群的潜在健康风险感到担忧。国家毒理学计划对一种银杏叶提取物进行了为期2年的灌胃研究,并得出结论,基于肝细胞癌和肝母细胞瘤发病率的增加,有明确的证据表明这种提取物对小鼠具有致癌活性。最近,银杏叶提取物被国际癌症研究机构列为可能的人类致癌物(2B类)。本文综述了从体外和体内实验研究到人类病例报告(由银杏种子或叶子引起)的毒理学效应的最新信息,并总结了相对大型临床试验的负面结果。
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Review of Ginkgo biloba-induced toxicity, from experimental studies to human case reports
ABSTRACT Ginkgo biloba seeds and leaves have been used as a traditional herbal remedy for thousands of years, and its leaf extract has been consumed as a botanical dietary supplement for decades. Ginkgo biloba extract is a complex mixture with numerous components, including flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones, and is one of the most widely sold botanical dietary supplements worldwide. Concerns about potential health risks for the general population have been raised because of the widespread human exposure to Ginkgo biloba and its potential toxic and carcinogenic activities in rodents. The National Toxicology Program conducted 2-year gavage studies on one Ginkgo biloba leaf extract and concluded that there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of this extract in mice based on an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma. Recently, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has been classified as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This review presents updated information on the toxicological effects from experimental studies both in vitro and in vivo to human case reports (caused by ginkgo seeds or leaves), and also summarizes the negative results from relatively large clinical trials.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
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