氟恶嗪与氟氯酮混用除草剂在向日葵作物上的效果

IF 0.4 Q4 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Agricultural Science and Practice Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI:10.15407/agrisp9.02.023
M. Radchenko, Zh.z. Guralchuk, O. Rodzevych, M. Khandezhina, Y. Morderer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

的目标。本工作致力于寻找氟恶嗪在向日葵作物上综合应用的潜在合作伙伴。该除草剂是杂草植物原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)的抑制剂。与其他种类的除草剂相比,对这类除草剂的抗性目前还不常见。因此,本工作旨在开发基于氟恶嗪的除草剂组合物,以有效防止除草剂抗性杂草生物型的出现。方法。研究了氟恶嗪与除草剂乙草胺、异丙氯(长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂)混用时的互作效应、除草效果和作物选择性。除虫菊酯(叶绿体光系统2 (PS 2)中的电子传递(ET)抑制剂)和氟氯酮(通过阻断植物endesaturase (PDS)活性合成类胡萝卜素的抑制剂)在向日葵作物实验和使用模型对象的温室实验中均得到证实。结果。研究表明,氟恶嗪与ET抑制剂丙氰菊酯施用时,相互作用为拮抗作用,导致防杂草效果差,向日葵产量下降。氟恶嗪与lcfas抑制剂乙草胺和异丙氯的罐体混合对向日葵的杂草控制效率高,但对向日葵的选择性较低。氟恶嗪与氟氯酮在推荐用量范围内的相互作用。氟恶嗪和氟氯酮两种除草剂的罐内混合物,施用量分别为55 g/ha和500g/ha,对向日葵具有选择性。在对一年生双子叶植物的防治效率方面,该混合除草剂超过了对一年生谷物杂草的防治效率,而在对一年生谷物杂草的防治效率方面,该混合除草剂仅略低于对照组合除草剂(甲草胺+特丁基嗪)。在这些施用量下,氟恶嗪和氟氯酮提供的向日葵产量与这种复合除草剂相当。Сonclusions。在所研究的除草剂中,氟恶嗪在向日葵作物中复合使用的最佳搭档是除草剂、抑制剂或pds、氟氯酮。鉴于氟恶嗪和氟氯酮的植物毒性机制不同,但受控制的杂草种类有共同的范围,使用这些除草剂的混合物是一个最大限度地减少出现抗除草剂杂草生物型的可能性的因素。
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Effectiveness of using the mixtures of herbicides flumioxazine and fluorochloridone in sunflower crops
Aim. This work is devoted to the search for potential partners for the integrated application of flumioxazine in sunflower crops. This herbicide is an inhibitor of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) in weed plants. The resistance to this class of herbicides is not yet common today, compared to other classes. Therefore, the work is aimed at de- veloping flumioxazine-based herbicide compositions that effectively prevent the emergence of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Methods. The interaction effects, weed control efficiency, and crop selectivity were studied when flumioxazine was used in the mixtures with herbicides acetochlor and propisochlor (long-chain fatty acid synthesis (LCFAS) inhibitors), promethrin (electron transport (ET) inhibitor in photosystem 2 (PS 2) of chloroplasts) and fluorochloridone (inhibitor of carotenoid synthesis by blocking the activity of phytoendesaturases (PDS)) both in the experiments on sunflower crops and in greenhouse experiments using the model objects. Results. The studies have shown that when flumioxazine is applied with the ET inhibitor, promethrin, the interaction is antagonistic, resulting in poor weed control efficiency and sunflower yield decrease. The tank mixtures of flumioxazine with LCFAS inhibitors acetochlor and propisochlor provide high weed control efficiency but are low in selectivity for sunflowers. The interaction between flumioxazine and fluorochloridone within the recommended application rates is additive. The tank mixture of flumioxazine and fluorochloridone herbicides at the application rates of 55 and 500 g/ha, respectively, is selective for sunflowers. In terms of control efficiency of annual dicotyledons, this mixture of herbicides exceeded, and in terms of control efficiency of annual cereal weed species was only slightly inferior to the control integrated herbicide (metolachlor + terbuthylazine). In these application rates, flumioxazine and fluo- rochloridone provided sunflower yield on par with this complex herbicide. Сonclusions. Among the investigated herbicides, the optimal partner of flumioxazine for complex use in sunflower crops was the herbicide, inhibitor PDS, fluorochloridone. Given that flumioxazine and fluorochloridone differ in their phytotoxicity mechanisms but share a common spectrum of controlled weed species, the use of a mixture of these herbicides is a factor that minimizes the likelihood of the emergence of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes.
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Agricultural Science and Practice
Agricultural Science and Practice AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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