Synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones using nano γ-Al2O3/BF3/Fe3O4 as an efficient magnetic nanocatalyst under solvent-free conditions

Nano-γ-Al2O3/BF3/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles was synthesized and characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmittance Electron Microscopy (TEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Thermal Gravimetry (TGA). Dihydropyrimidinones (DHP) act as antivirals, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antioxidan, anticarcinogen, calcium channel blockers, antihypertensive, anti-cancer and anti-HIV compounds. Nano-γ-Al2O3/BF3/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst was applied for the mild and green one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 3,4-dihydro pyrimidine-2(1H)-ones/thiones under solvent-free conditions. Biginelli reaction proceeds through an aldehyde, β-keto ester and urea or thiourea to the dihydropyrimidinone. Excellent yields of dihydropyrmidinones are gained within a short reaction time. The proposed method offers several advantages such as short reaction time, high efficiency, smooth purification, cleaning reaction, ease of recovery, and reusable catalyst. The structure and purity of these compounds were confirmed using IR and 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral analysis. Meanwhile, the physical property of products were compared with reported ones.