对公约难民要求的重新裁定;法理学述评

IF 0.1 Q4 LAW Revue General de Droit Pub Date : 2019-05-09 DOI:10.7202/1059528AR
R. Cantin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

根据1976年《移民法》确定难民的程序包括许多步骤,这些步骤一直是司法解释的主题。在加拿大声称是“公约难民”的个人将首先就其要求接受宣誓审查。难民地位咨询委员会将研究这次考试的笔录。在获得委员会的意见后,就业和移民部长将确定索赔人是否为“公约难民”。如果裁定是否定的,有关人士可选择向移民上诉委员会申请重新裁定其申索。在这一阶段,执行局将给予申请人一次口头听询,如果它认为有合理的理由认为申请人可以证明他是一名“公约难民”,则在此之后作出决定。如果不给予口头听证,理事会将确定申请人不是“公约难民”。联邦法院和加拿大最高法院在解释与这一难民确定程序有关的规定,包括“公约难民”定义的措辞方面作出了相当大的贡献。本文仅限于对这些法院作出的判决进行审查。
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Redetermination of a Claim to Be a Convention Refugee; A Review of the Jurisprudence
The refugee determination process under the Immigration Act, 1976 comprises many steps which have been the subject of judicial interpretation. An individual claiming to be a “Convention refugee” in Canada will first be examined under oath with regard to his claim. The Refugee Status Advisory Committee will study the transcript of this examination. After obtaining the advice of the Committee, the Minister of Employment and Immigration will determine whether or not the claimant is a “Convention refugee”. Should this determination be negative, the person concerned will have the choice to apply to the Immigration Appeal Board for a redetermination of his claim. At this stage, the Board will grant an oral hearing to the applicant and render a decision thereafter if it is of the opinion that there are reasonable grounds to believe that he could prove that he is a “Convention refugee”. If no oral hearing is granted, the Board will determine that the applicant is not a “Convention refugee”. The Federal Court and the Supreme Court of Canada have had a considerable input in the interpretation of the provisions relating to this refugee determination process, including the wording of the definition of “Convention refugee”. This paper limits itself to a review of the decisions rendered by these courts.
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