影响人工智能在数字医疗中可信度的因素:从患者角度探讨

Bijun Wang, Onur Asan, M. Mansouri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

医疗保健行业正在经历传统医疗关系的转型,从人与医生的互动到以医生与人工智能患者互动为重点的数字医疗。患者的可信度是采用新技术的基石,这些新技术阐述了基于人工智能的系统和设备的可靠性、完整性和能力,以提供准确和安全的医疗环境。本研究的主要目的是在考虑患者经历和背景差异的情况下,研究影响患者对基于人工智能的系统和设备信任度的各种因素。首先,在技术接受与使用联合理论(UTAUT)和健康信念模型(HBM)的启发下,建立探索性概念框架,进一步解释患者信任对人工智能采用意愿的支持。然后对218例慢性患者样本进行个案研究。研究结果表明,问责制、风险感知、便利条件和社会影响等因素在决定患者对基于人工智能的医疗器械的信任方面发挥着重要作用,而易用性可能不会对信任产生直接影响。在人口统计因素中,只有种族与患者对人工智能的信任程度有很强的相关性。本研究的贡献可以提供对患者可信度的全面了解,并以优先考虑患者利益的方式为技术的开发和部署提供信息。
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What May Impact Trustworthiness of AI in Digital Healthcare: Discussion from Patients’ Viewpoint
The healthcare industry is undergoing a transformation of traditional medical relationships from human-physician interactions to digital healthcare focusing on physician-AI-patient interactions. Patients’ trustworthiness is the cornerstone of adopting new technologies expounding the reliability, integrity, and ability of AI-based systems and devices to provide an accurate and safe healthcare environment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the various factors that influence patients’ trustworthiness in AI-based systems and devices, taking into account differences in patients’ experiences and backgrounds. First, an exploratory conceptual framework inspired by the United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Health Belief Model (HBM) is established to further explain the patients’ trust to support the adoption willingness of AI. Then a case study that includes 218 samples from chronic patients is conducted. The results of the study indicate that factors such as accountability, risk perception, facilitating conditions, and social influence play a significant role in determining a patient’s trust in AI-based healthcare devices, while ease of ease may not have a direct impact to trust. And among the demographic factors, only race showed a strong correlation with the level of patient trust in AI. The contributions of this study can provide a comprehensive understanding of patients’ trustworthiness and inform the development and deployment of the technology in a way that prioritizes patients’ interests.
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