传统板耕作的土壤密度

IF 1.3 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Acta Technologica Agriculturae Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI:10.2478/ata-2023-0021
Yu. D. Syromyatnikov, Irina Troyanovskaya, R. Zagidullin, E. Tikhonov, Alexandra Orekhovskaya, S. Voinash
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引用次数: 1

摘要

直到最近,在乌克兰和俄罗斯几乎整个领土上,模板耕作都是主要的耕作方式。然而,模板技术有助于形成“犁盘”,这有助于额外的土壤压实。农业生产的集约化加剧了机械和拖拉机压实土壤的问题。土壤的过度固结导致植物根系生长迟缓,缺氧,水和养分限制。土壤的压实可以通过深的局部凿凿来减少。本研究的目的是确定传统连续耕作(反耕)期间不同深度土壤的密度。在传统连续耕作的试验田上,通过蔬菜-饲料作物轮作对土壤渗透的抗性来评价土壤密度。采用自动电子硬度计“DATAFIELD”进行了穿透阻力的测量。确定了试验田的边界,编制了试验田的计算机地图,并自动编制了地块大小的“网格”,进行了二维制图,确定了测量的顺序和地点。从而确定了不同侵彻深度下的土壤压实程度和根系生长阻力。已经确定,在持续的传统反耕作中,深度超过10厘米的土壤被充分压实。在15厘米的深度,观察到土壤的强烈压实,这表明其物理和水文退化。
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Soil Density in Traditional Mouldboard Tillage
Abstract Until recently, mouldboard ploughing was used as the main tillage in almost the entire territory of Ukraine and Russia. However, mouldboard technologies contribute to the formation of a “plough pan”, which contributes to additional soil compaction. The intensity of agricultural production exacerbated the problem of soil compaction by machine and tractor units. The over-consolidation of soil results in stunted plant root growth, lack of oxygen, and water and nutrient restrictions. Soil compaction can be reduced by deep local chiselling. The aim of the study was to determine the density of the soil at different depths during continuous traditional cultivation (reverse ploughing). The density of the soil was evaluated by resistance to penetration into the soil in a vegetable-forage crop rotation on an experimental field with continuous traditional tillage. The measurement of penetration resistance was carried out using an automatic electronic hardness tester “DATAFIELD”. The boundaries of the experimental field were determined, a computer map of the experimental field was compiled with automatic “grid” of plot sizes, two-dimensional mapping was carried out, and the sequence and place of measurements were developed. As a result, the level of soil compaction at different penetration depths and resistance to root growth was determined. It has been established that with constant traditional reverse tillage, the soil at a depth of more than 10 cm is sufficiently compacted. At a depth of 15 cm, a strong compaction of the soil is observed, which indicates its physical and hydrological degradation.
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来源期刊
Acta Technologica Agriculturae
Acta Technologica Agriculturae AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
28.60%
发文量
32
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Technologica Agriculturae is an international scientific double-blind peer reviewed journal focused on agricultural engineering. The journal is multidisciplinary and publishes original research and review papers in engineering, agricultural and biological sciences, and materials science. Aims and Scope Areas of interest include but are not limited to: agricultural and biosystems engineering; machines and mechanization of agricultural production; information and electrical technologies; agro-product and food processing engineering; physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic, soil working machinery and terramechanics; renewable energy sources and bioenergy; rural buildings; related issues from applied physics and chemistry, ecology, economy and energy.
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