作为神学网络学的经验神学:方法论思考

IF 1.4 0 RELIGION Journal of Empirical Theology Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI:10.1163/15709256-20221435
Mark J. Cartledge
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引用次数: 0

摘要

很明显,互联网的作用在日常生活中无处不在。有了智能手机,几乎每个人都可以全天候访问互联网,并在开车前往新目的地时使用它进行电子邮件、社交网络活动、搜索信息和导航。在线世界与我们日常生活中的离线世界直接相交并嵌入其中。几乎所有形式的宗教都有这种交叉点,并理所当然地发挥作用。对基督徒来说,这意味着精神生活的教会层面也被带到了网上,或者说,如果不是所有基督徒的话,网络层面已经与大多数基督徒的日常教会生活相交。新冠肺炎大流行表明,大多数教堂集会在社交媒体的支持下,安排在线直播服务是多么容易。事实上,在各种封锁期间,这些新型服务吸引了许多游客,许多经常去教堂的人决定,他们更喜欢网络世界,而不是以前熟悉的具体世界。最近宗教生活的这些变化引起了从经验神学的角度的反思。特别是,有人可能会问,神学的实证方法如何与虚拟民族志或网络志相联系?有一批新兴的方法论文献涵盖了对在线或数字社区的研究,也被称为网络志(Boellstorff等人,2012;海因,20002015;Kozinets,20132020;Pink等人,2016),但到目前为止,从神学角度来看,实证研究的应用非常有限(尽管见Hutchings,2017;Sutinen和Cooper,2021)。因此,本文探讨了一个问题:是否有一种明显的经验主义神学方法来处理网络文学?这一问题将在本探索性文件中讨论,并作为讨论的一部分提出一项方法建议。
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Empirical Theology as Theological Netnography: Methodological Considerations
It is clear that the role of the internet is ubiquitous in everyday life. With smart phones almost everyone can access the internet 24/7 and use it for emails, social network activity, searching for information and navigation when driving a car to a new destination. It is also the case that the online world intersects directly with and is embedded in the off-line world of our everyday lives. Almost all forms of religion have this intersection and function with it as a matter of course. For Christians this has meant that ecclesial dimensions of spiritual life have also been taken online, or that the online dimensions have intersected with the everyday ecclesial life of most if not all Christians. The Covid-19 pandemic demonstrated how easily it was for most church congregations to arrange for services to be live-streamed online, supported by social media. Indeed, these new types of services attracted many visitors during the various lockdowns and a number of regular church-goers decided that they preferred the online world to the concrete one they were previously familiar. These recent changes in religious life invite reflection from the perspective of empirical theology. In particular, it may be asked how might an empirical approach to theology develop in relation to virtual ethnography or netnography? There is an emerging body of methodological literature that embraces the study of online or digital communities, otherwise known as netnography (Boellstorff et al, 2012; Hine, 2000, 2015; Kozinets, 2013, 2020; Pink et al, 2016), but, so far, there is a very limited application of empirical studies from a theological perspective (although see Hutchings, 2017; Sutinen and Cooper, 2021). Therefore, this paper explores the question: is there a distinctly empirical-theological approach to netnography? This question will be addressed in this exploratory paper and a methodological proposal suggested as part of the discussion.
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自引率
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7
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