Effect of Peptide-Lipid Conjugates Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Against Cancer Cells In-Vitro

Complexes generated by oleic acid and milk α-lactalbumin, termed BAMLET, attracted attention because of their selective toxicity against a variety of tumors. However, the production efficiency of BAMLET needs to be increased. In this study, α-lactalbumin and hydrolyzed α-lactalbumin were separately combined with oleic acid to obtain BAMLET and hydrolyzed BAMLET (HBAMLET) respectively. For these complexes, nanoparticles were prepared using double emulsion method and PLGA polymer as carrier. Then the tumoricidal activity and toxicity of the BAMLET and HBAMLET complexes were analyzed on prostate cancer cells (DU145) and breast cancer cells (MCF7) In-Vitro. The most effective concentration of HBAMLET was found as 6.38 μg/mL, at which the viability of cancer cell lines was reduced to 64.63% (for MCF7) and 47.7% (for DU145). However, BAMLET was found to be less effective, reducing DU145 and MCF7 cell viability by 9.6% and 39.5% of at 2.14 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively. Unfortunately, BAMLET showed cytotoxicity on fibroblasts at higher concentrations. Encapsulated BAMLET and HBAMLET showed promising encapsulation efficiency (72.75% and 84.44%, respectively) with a low PDI value (0.098–0.096, respectively). It was concluded that the release of HBAMLET can be controlled and can be used as an active drug agent when it was loaded in PLGA-NPs.